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Health, Safety and Environment
Published in Sukumar Laik, Offshore Petroleum Drilling and Production, 2018
Visual pollution refers to anything unattractive or visually damaging to the nearby landscape. Examples are skyscrapers that block a natural view, graffiti or carving on trees, rocks or other natural landscapes, billboards, litter, abandoned homes, junkyards and so forth.
Reconciling users and public space-relationship in historic squares: The case of En-Naser square in Nablus city
Published in Journal of Asian Architecture and Building Engineering, 2023
The comfort of users is also related to their acceptance of the public space visually. Therefore, it was also necessary to ask the users about their visual satisfaction concerning the architectural components of the square. Five categories that measure visual comfort were chosen: distinctive signs, the beauty of building materials, building heights, building form, and visual pollution. Most members of the sample (around 70%) agreed that the visual quality of the distinctive signs and beauty of the building material in the square ranges from very good to excellent, while 75% agree that building height and form vary from acceptable to very good. Regarding the visual pollution of the buildings overlooking the square, it was found that 53.2% of the sample participants thought that they formed moderated visual pollution. However, as mentioned previously, the visual quality and height of the buildings overlooking the square are generally very good See Table 5.
A comparative examination of acute toxicities of three disazo dyes to freshwater macroinvertebrates Gammarus roeseli (Crustacea: Amphipoda) and Chironomus riparius (Insecta: Diptera)
Published in Chemistry and Ecology, 2021
Textile, dye and tannery industries discharge huge volumes of wastewater and are major sources of toxic discharges [16,17]. During dyeing processes, approximately 10–15% of the dyes are released into the environment, and water-soluble azo dyes can cause waste-receiving streams to become highly colour polluted even at very low concentrations [18]. Apart from this visual pollution, certain azo dyes and their biotransformation products are toxic [19,20], with compounds that are carcinogenic and mutagenic [21–23]. Nevertheless, comparatively few studies have been carried out to determine the potential impact of the dyes on the ecosystem or selected indicator species in the laboratory, and hence very little is known about their ultimate fate and potential impacts. However, the aquatic toxicological investigation and risk assessment of the azo dyes can contribute to the improvement of current conservation projects and making effective management decisions on environmental pollution.
GIS-based multi-criteria analysis for offshore wind turbine deployment in Hong Kong
Published in Annals of GIS, 2019
L. Gavériaux, G. Laverrière, T. Wang, N. Maslov, C. Claramunt
In the first study, related environmental, physical and social constraints have been considered in order to highlight the most appropriate location for the wind farm and in order to minimize potential environmental impacts on sensitive areas and minimize the maintenance. But it appears that the suggested farm is close to the shore and also to animals natural habitat. Moreover, visual pollution is not considered this being a criteria considered by our study. Moreover, our study is flexible enough to refine the criteria considered according to different points of view, but converges to the results highlighted by this previous study when the relative importance of the different criteria chosen will be close enough. In the second study, the considered region of the study is much large, this generating many implementation possibilities, the main criteria being the wind efficiency. However, according to our own incoming data, it appears that wind power is more important southeastern to the chosen zone in this study.