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Principles of Energy Conversion
Published in Hamid A. Toliyat, Gerald B. Kliman, Handbook of Electric Motors, 2018
Hamid A. Toliyat, Gerald B. Kliman
In modern motors rated 4100V and below, the strand insulation is usually a film made from synthetic materials such as polyimide (Kapton) or polyamide-imide. These materials can operate at temperatures up to 220∘C before softening or losing mechanical strength. At the 4100V level and above it is not uncommon for the film to be overcoated with a material composed of fused glass fiber and polyester fiber (Daglas), which has a temperature rating of 155∘C of more. The Daglas coating gives enhanced partial discharge resistance (see Section 8.3.2.3). For similar reasons, especially when the turn and the strand insulation are the same, the film-covered copper wire may also be covered in mica-paper tape. Mica-paper tape consists of small bits of mica that are bonded to either a fiberglass tape or a Dacron TM tape. (Dacron is a trade mark of Dupent.)
Fibre-reinforced composite materials
Published in William Bolton, R.A. Higgins, Materials for Engineers and Technicians, 2020
Many thermoplastics can be used as matrices, but the most popular are nylon 66, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyamide-imide (PAI), polysulphone (PS) and polyether ether ketone (PEEK). The maximum working temperature of PS is 150–170°C. Composites based on PEEK (maximum working temperature 250°C) have good strength and excellent resistance to failure under impact.
Applications of Electron Beam Radiation
Published in Jiri George Drobny, Radiation Technology for Polymers, 2020
Matrix materials for commercial composites are mainly liquid thermosetting resins, such as polyesters, vinyl esters, epoxy resins, and bismaleimide resins. Thermoplastic composites are made from polyamides, polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polysulfone, polyetherimide (PEI), and polyamide-imide (PAI).
Lissajous confocal fluorescent endomicroscopy with a lever mechanism and a frequency separation by an asymmetric polymer tube
Published in International Journal of Optomechatronics, 2023
Jintaek Im, Yeonhee Chang, Myung Ho Lee, Dukho Do, Kyuhang Lee, Daegab Gweon, Cheol Song
The endomicroscopic imaging probe consists of the scanning part and objective lenses, as shown in Figure 2. The probe configuration is the reverse-mount type which can substantially reduce the rigid length of the endomicroscopic probe. A commercial piezo tube (Pi ceramic, Lederhose, Germany), with an outer diameter of and a thickness of is precisely cut to have a length of The distal end of the piezo tube is fixed at the housing with epoxy resin, and four thin electrodes are attached to each quadrant surface of the piezo tube. The DCF with a frequency separator is precisely aligned to the center of the piezo tube and connected by a fiber pinhole consisting of a thin reinforced polyamide-imide film. In addition, we customized the objective lenses which has a diameter of 1.8 mm and image space telecentric lenses.
Examination of the arrangement and shape of coils for permittivity measurement of dielectric sandwiched between carbon fiber reinforced plastics using electromagnetic induction testing
Published in Advanced Composite Materials, 2023
Wataru Matsunaga, Yoshihiro Mizutani
Figure 18 shows the dielectrics with various permittivities for the experiment. The dielectrics in Figure 18, from left to right, are polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE, grade: Naflon, NICHIAS Corporation, Japan), high-density polyethylene (HDPE, grade: EL-N-AN, Showa Denko K.K., Japan), polycarbonate (PC, grade: L-1225Y, TEIJIN LIMITED, Japan), polyamide-imide (PAI, grade: TI5013, Toray Plastics Precision Co., Ltd., Japan), and woven GFRP (Murakamidengyo Co., Ltd., Japan). GFRP is a plain weave specimen with a matrix of epoxy resin and fibers of E-glass (fiber content of 52.3%). The GFRP was fabricated by laminating prepregs. The relative permittivities of these specimens at 10 MHz are shown in Table 5. The permittivities were measured by the parallel plate method using an impedance analyzer (IM7580, HIOKI E.E. CORPORATION, Japan) and a test fixture (IM9202, HIOKI E.E. CORPORATION, Japan).
Influence of pore-forming agent on wear resistance of composite coating
Published in Surface Engineering, 2022
Yang Liu, Da Bian, JianYu Wang, YongWu Zhao
Polystyrene microsphere (PS, 10 μm, 99 wt-%) was provided by Zhoushan Narui New Material Technology (Zhejiang, China). Alumina (Al2O3, 3.5 μm, 99.5 wt-%) was acquired from Naibo Testing Technology (Shanghai, China). Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE, 60 wt-% dispersion emulsion) was supplied by Xingwang Plastic Materials (Guangdong, China). Polyamide-imide (PAI, 28 wt-%) was offered by Nantong Bolian Chemical (Jiangsu, China). Aluminium Dihydrogen Phosphate (AP, 40 wt-%) was offered by Shandong Yousuo Chemical Technology (Shandong, China). Acetone, ethanol, zinc oxide, and zirconium dioxide (all Analytical Reagent) were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent (Shanghai, China). Round stainless steel 304 L is used as the substrate, with a thickness of 3 mm and a diameter of 30 mm.