China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Microseismic monitoring technologies for deep mining
Published in Xia-Ting Feng, Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2017
Earthquakes may be triggered or induced in situations where the stress, amplified by mining activities, exceeds the strength of the rock mass. The ejection of rock and shaking of the ground may cause damage to underground and surface infrastructure, loss of production, and injury to mine workers and the public (Figure 1). As shallow ore bodies are exhausted, mining depths and the size of excavations are likely to increase, and greater efforts will have to be made to reduce the risk posed by rockbursting. Microseismic monitoring is one of the technologies that is used to mitigate the risk posed by mining-related seismicity by enabling rescue efforts, guiding the design and implementation of mining layouts and rock support systems, and assessing seismic hazard. It is estimated that more than 200 mines worldwide were operating seismic networks in 2015. Although most of the technology has been supplied by a handful of manufacturers and service providers, there is a large range in practice owing to the specific problem being tackled (which impacts on the design of the network) and the vintage of the system. This chapter reviews the state-of-the-art of microseismic monitoring in deep mines; provides standards, procedures and guidelines for the design and operation of a system; and concludes with a selection of case studies.
Microseismic monitoring technologies for deep mining
Published in Xia-Ting Feng, Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2017
Earthquakes may be triggered or induced in situations where the stress, amplified by mining activities, exceeds the strength of the rock mass. The ejection of rock and shaking of the ground may cause damage to underground and surface infrastructure, loss of production, and injury to mine workers and the public (Figure 1). As shallow ore bodies are exhausted, mining depths and the size of excavations are likely to increase, and greater efforts will have to be made to reduce the risk posed by rockbursting. Microseismic monitoring is one of the technologies that is used to mitigate the risk posed by mining-related seismicity by enabling rescue efforts, guiding the design and implementation of mining layouts and rock support systems, and assessing seismic hazard. It is estimated that more than 200 mines worldwide were operating seismic networks in 2015. Although most of the technology has been supplied by a handful of manufacturers and service providers, there is a large range in practice owing to the specific problem being tackled (which impacts on the design of the network) and the vintage of the system. This chapter reviews the state-of-the-art of microseismic monitoring in deep mines; provides standards, procedures and guidelines for the design and operation of a system; and concludes with a selection of case studies.
Microseismic slope monitoring in surface mines
Published in Raj K. Singhal, Geotechnical Stability in Surface Mining, 2022
Awareness of the fact that the microseismic signals were caused by stress, even in perfectly stable pillars, was later discovered by tests in an northern Michigan copper mine. The significance of the microseismic monitoring is related to the fact that microseismic emissions are generated by high stresses and the detection of the emissions may not require knowledge of the mechanical properties of the rock or the state of the stress in the rock body.
Microseismic monitoring, analysis and early warning of rockburst
Published in Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk, 2021
Tian-hui Ma, Chun-an Tang, Fei Liu, Shi-chao Zhang, Zhi-qiang Feng
Rockburst mechanism is complex and not clear at present, however, the rock microcracking precursors to rockburst is obvious. It is feasible to evaluate the rockburst risk and predict rockburst in underground engineering based on the evolution of microcracks. The microseismic monitoring technique, which can capture and analyze the microcracks in a limited rock volume, is widely used in underground engineering with high rockburst risk. The microseismic monitoring technique will realize high-accuracy early warning of the occurrence time, location and intensity of rockburst with the rapid development of big data and artificial intelligence. Some conclusions are drawn in this study, as follows: