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Sedimentary Environments and Facies
Published in Supriya Sengupta, Introduction to Sedimentology, 2017
In the lower shoreface shelf and basinal processes are predominant but some wave action is also present. Plane beds of bioturbated, fine to very fine sand, with layers of silty mud are deposited in this zone. The degree of organic activity decreases towards the upper shoreface where the deposits are coarser. The complex hydraulic condition of the surf zone produces multi-directional trough cross-bedding. Ridges (bars) and runnels (troughs) develop on the upper shoreface when the sediments transported from the beach to the shoreface by ‘short-period’ wave action are returned and redeposited at the edge of the foreshore under quieter conditions by long-period’ waves.
Origin of the Neoproterozoic rim dolomite as lateral carbonate caprock, Patawarta salt sheet, Flinders Ranges, South Australia
Published in Australian Journal of Earth Sciences, 2020
R. A. Kernen, K. A. Giles, P. L. Poe, C. E. Gannaway Dalton, M. G. Rowan, J. C. Fiduk, T. E. Hearon
The Wonoka Formation type section is approximately 620 m thick at Bunyeroo Gorge (approximately 80 km south of the Patawarta diapir) in the Central Flinders Ranges (Haines, 1990). The depositional environment of the Wonoka Formation was a shallow marine, subtidal carbonate shelf that shallows upward from the lower shoreface to the foreshore (Haines, 1990). Reid and Preiss (1999) redefined the base of the Bonney Sandstone to include the shallow-water carbonates, formerly included in the uppermost Wonoka Formation, which is now referred to as the Patsy Hill Member of the Bonney Sandstone (Figure 5; Preiss, 2000). Preiss (1987) suggested the carbonate and sandstones within the Patsy Hill Member represent the interfingering of tidally influenced carbonate and clastic facies as the shallow water clastics prograded over the deeper carbonate shelf.
Mapping a coastal transition in braided systems: an example from the Precipice Sandstone, Surat Basin
Published in Australian Journal of Earth Sciences, 2018
V. Bianchi, F. Zhou, D. Pistellato, M. Martin, S. Boccardo, J. Esterle
Interpretation: The facies f11 are interpreted as foreshore deposits, since winnowing processes by waves removed the finer material (Black & Oldman, 1999). Skolithos ichnofacies assemblages indicate shoreline environments and the Cruziana ichnofacies represent shallow-water environments down to wave base (Stanistreet, 1989). Facies f12 is interpreted as upper shoreface, and f14 lower shoreface following the approach expressed in Dumas and Arnott (2006). The presence of bioturbated mudstone at the top of the fining-upward succession suggests a deeper or quiet water environment, with restricted sediment supply, which can be associated with an embayment setting (f16).