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Excavation and lateral support system (ELS)
Published in Yung Ming Cheng, Chi Wai Law, Leilei Liu, Analysis, Design and Construction of Foundations, 2021
Yung Ming Cheng, Chi Wai Law, Leilei Liu
For the proper design of an ELS, several major factors have to be considered: Soil lateral earth pressure.Water pressure and seepage.Excavation and support methods.Design of the retaining wall, shoring, dewatering.Assessment of the wall and ground movement, and the potential problems to the surrounding buildings and ground.Monitoring system for the water table, ground and building movements, and the development of cracks.
Construction of the linkway underneath the existing Outram Park Station
Published in Jian Zhao, J. Nicholas Shirlaw, Rajan Krishnan, Tunnels and Underground Structures, 2017
Steel ribs and shotcrete lagging provide temporary support to the excavation face, minimising potential movement during the undermining of the existing station during Linkway 3 excavation. This is supplemented by the installation of 2.5m long rock bolts 16mm in diameter at excavation faces where additional support is required. The stanchion of the ribs is designed to support combined dead load, live load and train load of 122 KN/m2 from the existing station. Lateral earth pressure is calculated using Rankine’s formula, with an additional seepage pressure of 20 KN/m2 imposed on the ribs & lagging. The axial force acting on the rib members was derived using Rankine pressure is compared against the forces derived using a Peck Diagram with pressure of 0.57γH, this force was back calculated during the excavation of the existing OTP station. The greater of the two values is taken for the design of the temporary support system as well as the permanent structures.
Analytical calculation of lateral earth pressure in finite soils considering displacement of retaining wall
Published in Arsenio Negro, Marlísio O. Cecílio, Geotechnical Aspects of Underground Construction in Soft Ground, 2017
With the fast development of underground engineering in Shanghai, more and more excavations have to go deeper and larger in limited spaces. A phenomenon has appeared that several excavations were constructed in the same field and had to be faced with numerous underground structures in proximity. It is well known that the lateral earth pressure plays significant impacts on retaining walls and underground structures. When excavations were constructed with pits or underground structures nearby, the distribution of lateral earth pressure behind retaining wall showed different from the classical Coulomb and Rankine earth pressure, just because of the soils in limited ground.
Examining the effects of liquid–powder binder concentration on the cohesion and friction of a granular bed
Published in Particulate Science and Technology, 2021
Hao Zhou, Muhammad Waryal Dahri, Mingxi Zhou, Zhenya Lai
The amount of resistance that developed under the given conditions of the granular material and HL content was also evaluated in terms of the coefficient of passive earth pressure (Kp). Lateral earth pressure is the pressure exerted by a granular material against a retaining structure on the surface of a surrounding granular material mass. When the retaining structure pushes against the granular mass, the resulting internal shearing resistance is known as passive pressure. The Mohr–Coulomb criteria have been used in the majority of studies to evaluate the correlation between the passive earth pressures and frictional angles of materials (Hanna and Diab 2017). In this regard, Equation (6) can be generally written as with where Kp is the coefficient of passive earth pressure.
Experimental investigation of three-dimensional earth pressure according to aspect ratio of retaining wall
Published in Marine Georesources & Geotechnology, 2018
Byung-Suk Park, Jintae Lee, Sang Duk Lee
Lateral earth pressure on a retaining wall usually refers to a horizontal stress required to support the retaining walls for ground excavation or embankment site in a steep slope. A dangerous situation may occur due to the unbalanced stress of earth pressure if the earth pressure distribution is not estimated accurately. It is, therefore, required to clearly define the earth pressure distribution for the design of structures subjected to earth pressures. The traditional earth pressure theories currently used are based on Rankine’s and Coulomb’s earth pressure theories, derived from the force balance condition applied to the soil wedge close to failure state, i.e., plastic state, and the force balance condition applied to micro elements, respectively. It is supposed to cause a three-dimensional movement when the earth pressure is applied to the retaining wall with a limited width in general. In addition, the backfill soil creates active earth pressure in the shape of three-dimensional wedge which has a width and height of the retaining wall if any active displacement occurs on the wall.
Experimental and numerical modeling of moving retaining wall in expansive soil
Published in Geomechanics and Geoengineering, 2021
Khawla A. K. Al-Juari, Mohammed Y. Fattah, Suhail I. A. Khattab, Mohammed K. Al-Shamam
Retaining structures such as retaining walls and basement walls are widely common in foundation engineering as they employed to support natural slopes of soil. Proper design and construction of these structures require a comprehensive knowledge of the basic soil properties such as dry unit weight, initial water content, angle of internal friction and cohesion. From these parameters, the lateral forces can determine which is essential for the design requirement. Lateral earth pressure imposed against retaining structure is obtained from the combined effect of several types of lateral stresses such as overburden pressure, surcharge loading, water table, suction stress and lateral swelling pressure.