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Transition Economics
Published in Susan Krumdieck, Transition Engineering, 2019
EROI can be evaluated for the whole energy sector in a given year (Dale et al. 2011), or it can be assessed for a particular energy production technology over the useful life of the plant. The only reason for building an energy conversion plant (investing embodied energy in capital equipment, S2) and operating the plant (investing process energy, S1) is to produce consumer energy for the market (distributing and selling consumer energy, P). EROI is a measure of the energy profitability of an energy transformation system. The energy invested in the transformation system cannot be used by the economy for other activities. EROI is also an indication of the surplus energy available for the economy to meet current demand, to provide maintenance and replacement, and to supply manufacturing and new construction.
Energy Resources
Published in Dexter Perkins, Kevin R. Henke, Adam C. Simon, Lance D. Yarbrough, Earth Materials, 2019
Dexter Perkins, Kevin R. Henke, Adam C. Simon, Lance D. Yarbrough
A major distinction between different kinds of energy sources is the energy return on energy investment, sometimes called energy return on investment (EROI), or the useful energy yield. The EROI is the ratio of useful energy provided by a resource compared with the energy it takes us to find and make the resource. Finding and producing energy and manufacturing fuel require that some energy be expended. Additionally, once produced, some kinds of energy are more efficiently used than others are. We want energy sources with high EROI values because they provide a great deal of energy and do not require much energy to produce. In contrast, some energy sources, such as most biofuels, have very low EROI.
Life Cycle Assessment for resource nexus analysis
Published in Raimund Bleischwitz, Holger Hoff, Catalina Spataru, Ester van der Voet, Stacy D. VanDeveer, Routledge Handbook of the Resource Nexus, 2017
Ester van der Voet, Jeroen B. Guinée
This is a first step in the analysis of the resource nexus. A next step is then to identify places where the linkages are mutual or reciprocal. For example, to produce copper we need electricity, and to produce electricity we need copper. Thus, feedback loops are identified and to some extent quantified. The concept of the Energy Return on Investment (EROI) is used as an indicator for such a feedback loop, which can be calculated based on LCA outcomes (Fthenakis et al., 2011). The EROI specifies how much MJ of energy is required to produce 1 MJ of energy. The EROI is used mostly in the assessment of alternative fossil resources such as shale oil or gas from fracking (Hall et al., 2014), but also in the assessment of renewable energy technologies (see Figure 5.4). The same can also be done, for example, with environmental technologies: to reduce GHG emissions implies having extra GHG emissions related to building and applying the equipment (Singh et al., 2011).
Energy, economic and environmental performance of a solar rooftop photovoltaic system in India
Published in International Journal of Sustainable Energy, 2020
Satish Kumar Yadav, Usha Bajpai
EROI is an important energy performance indicator that indicates the energy gain during the working of the system over its entire lifespan. EROI directly depends upon the annual energy generation of a PV system. High value of EROI of a system indicates the good output performance of it. The EROI of the installed rooftop PV system I has been calculated 5.00 by applying Equation (4). Rooftop PV system II has a higher value as 5.65 than other PV systems that suggest the energy gain of the system is best. Rooftop PV system III and IV has the EROI value of 5.15 and 4.88 respectively (Figure 5).
A perspective of COVID 19 impact on global economy, energy and environment
Published in International Journal of Sustainable Engineering, 2021
S. Shanmuga Priya, Erdem Cuce, K. Sudhakar
The “Energy Return on Investment “ (EROI) can be used to analyse how the price intensity of oil extraction has changed over time. Figure 3 shows the downward trend of EROI as a result of depletion and resources and gradual inclination towards the use of more carbon-friendly energy sources.
Environmental sustainability and exergy return on investment of selected solar dryer designs based on standard and extended exergy approaches
Published in Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 2022
Macmanus Chinenye Ndukwu, Mathew Imagwuike Ibeh, Elijah Ugwu, Inemesit Ekop, Promise Etim, Donatus Igbojionu, Fidelis Abam, Bilal Lamrani, Merlin Simo-Tagne, Lyes Bennamoun
Hence, exergy analysis, therefore, has shown that exergy losses occur in solar-drying systems. According to Dincer and Rosen (2013), this waste exergy, because they aren’t in mutual equilibrium with the ecosystem, is capable of upstaging its equilibrium by causing a re-radiation of the solar radiation in the solar thermal systems. Consequentely, the sustainability of an energetic system is concerned with cutting down greenhouse gas generation and limiting the waste exergy losses into the ecosystem. When exergy losses are identified and minimized, the system becomes more sustainable. Therefore, exergy analysis becomes a vital method to compare the performance and sustainability of energy systems in different sectors (Aghbashlo et al. 2018; Bühler, Van Nguyen, and Elmegaard 2016; Singh et al. 2021a). This has been performed successfully for energy consumption for residential appliances in Bangladesh (Chowdhury et al. 2019, 2020). Therefore, using exegetic sustainability indicators analysis to separate the performances of a cluster of solar dryer designs will assist in design policy formulation and choices to produce sustainable solar dryers and eliminate inefficient solar drying systems. Additionally, the amount of carbon mitigated can help policymakers eliminate inefficient design. Furthermore, researchers have built exergy into energy accounting systems and have presented a framework for exergy accounting (Chen et al. 2020). Exergy-based return on investment (ExRoI) has been used by researchers to evaluate system performance (Chen et al. 2020; Hassan et al. 2019). Studies have suggested using ExRoI as an extended exergy accounting tool to replace energy return on investment (ERoI) as a tool for energy policy analysis (Chen et al. 2020). It is considered the maximum amount of product produced with minimal energy waste. Thus, it determines the component that requires the best efficiency improvement to reduce cost. ExRoI considers the quality of energy and input parameters, unlike the ERoI method. Therefore, Rocco, Colombo, and Sciubba (2014) have suggested that it can be used to analyze, design, configure and optimize both simple and complex energy systems in an extended exergy analysis. Thus, the current study aims to use the ExRoI and traditional exegetic indicators, which include waste exergy ratio, sustainability index, lack of productivity (LOP), environmental effect factor, earned carbon credit etc., to analyze the performance of different solar dryer designs to understand how effective each of these solar dryer design is energy sustainable.