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Airports
Published in Milica Kalić, Slavica Dožić, Danica Babić, Introduction to the Air Transport System, 2022
Milica Kalić, Slavica Dožić, Danica Babić
Airports are one of the three main parts of the air transport system. As mentioned before, airports, airlines, and ATC/ATM (Air Traffic Control/ Management) are subsystems of the core air transport system. Airports and ATC/ATM represent infrastructure components. According to the ICAO1 definition, an aerodrome is a defined area on land or water (including any buildings, installations, and equipment) intended to be used either wholly or in part for the arrival, departure, and surface movement of aircraft. This chapter is dedicated to commercial airports, which are aerodromes with extended facilities. The users of airports are airlines, their aircraft, and passengers, as well as freight/cargo shipments and mail. As groundbased infrastructure, airports provide space, facilities, and equipment for serving users. Additionally, airports provide the physical connection between air and different ground transport modes.
Spaceport Business and Financial Management
Published in Janet K. Tinoco, Chunyan Yu, Diane Howard, Ruth E. Stilwell, An Introduction to the Spaceport Industry, 2020
Janet K. Tinoco, Chunyan Yu, Diane Howard, Ruth E. Stilwell
The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and the FAA also develop their respective Aerodrome Reference Codes (or FAA Airport Reference Codes) to indicate the design standards of the airfields’ capabilities, which could also be incorporated into standards and recommended practices for commercial spaceports. Furthermore, as commercial spaceports become truly commercial, there will be a need for more transparency in the business aspects of the spaceport operations such as fees and charges spaceports impose on their customers.
Airfield design, configuration and management
Published in Lucy Budd, Stephen Ison, Air Transport Management, 2020
The regulations governing airfield design, configuration and management are strict. At the international level, ICAO’s Aerodrome Standards: Aerodrome Design and Operations manual provides best practice design standards for airports worldwide. These Standards and Recommended Practices (SARPs) are used as a basis for supra-national and national regulations. In Europe, EASA’s Certification Specifications and Guidance Material for Aerodromes Design CS-ADR-DSN details the requirements in Europe, but the competent authorities in each EU Member State maintain certain discretionary powers for aerodrome licensing within their territory. In the UK, the CAA’s CAP 168: Licensing of Aerodromes document specifies the standards that are required at UK airports, while the US’s FAA 150/5300–13A-Airport Design manual contains equivalent guidance on the requirements for US airports.
Evaluating the operational performance of airside and landside at Chinese airports with novel inputs
Published in Transportation Planning and Technology, 2018
Baocheng Zhang, Lili Wang, Zhijian Ye, Jianzhong Wang, Wenpeng Zhai
The primary method of controlling the immediate airport airside environment is visual observation from the aerodrome control tower. Airport or tower controllers are responsible for the separation and efficient movement of aircraft operating on parking positions, taxiways and runways of the airport itself, and aircraft in the air near the airport, generally 5 to 10 nautical miles (9 to 18 km) depending on the airport procedures. Hence, the main work of an air traffic controller in an airport tower is to issue clearance for landing and take-off and guide aircraft taxiing. Accordingly, airport congestion can be separated into airside and landside congestion. Air traffic congestion includes airport-airside congestion, terminal (approach) congestion and en-route congestion. Therefore, airport-airside congestion is one of air traffic congestion while airport-landside congestion is not. Airside congestion is a major cause for the large delays that currently affect the Air Traffic Management (ATM) system (Lozano, Gutiérrez, and Moreno 2013; Fan, Wu, and Zhou 2014). Therefore, airside performance is addressed as well as landside performance (passenger-terminal and cargo-warehousing) in this paper.