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Thin-Layer Chromatography in Pharmaceutical Analysis
Published in Bernard Fried, Joseph Sherma, Practical Thin-Layer Chromatography, 2017
Elena Dreassi, Giuseppe Ceramelli, Piero Corti
Medina and Schwartz40 report a method for the identification of residues of treatments with anabolic hormones on tissues of various animal species, searching for the compounds themselves and their metabolites. The main components that have been studied are estradiol, estrone, diethylstilbestrol, zeranol, zearalanone, and mycotoxins, zearalenone and zearalenol. In the first place the compounds are extracted from their biological matrices (plasma and tissue) with a clean-up procedure using solid-phase dual columns of alumina and anion–exchange resin, and after elution with a mobile phase constituted of dichloromethane–methanol–2–propanol (97:1:2, v/v/v) on silica gel TLC plates two systems of analysis are used: Fast Corinth V salt and iodine and starch. In both cases all the compounds could be found, although some of them had a not quite satisfactory sensibility limit. With Fast Corinth V the spots of zeranol and zearalenone (respectively 2 and 4 ng) are detectable, while faint spots for the phenolic estrogens were obtained. But these last compounds have a much stronger reaction if treated with iodine and starch, bringing out values for estradiol and diethylstilbestrol of 4 ng. This method can thus be considered selective for detection of zeranol and its metabolite, zearalanone, in the presence of steroidal compounds.
Settled dust assessment in clinical environment: useful for the evaluation of a wider bioburden spectrum
Published in International Journal of Environmental Health Research, 2021
Carla Viegas, Beatriz Almeida, Ana Monteiro, Inês Paciência, João Cavaleiro Rufo, Elisabete Carolino, Anita Quintal-Gomes, Magdalena Twarużek, Robert Kosicki, Geneviéve Marchand, Liliana Aranha Caetano, Susana Viegas
Mycotoxins were separated on a chromatographic column Gemini NX-C18 (150 × 4.6 mm, 3 μm) (Phenomenex, Torrance, CA, USA); mobile phase (A: water + 5 mM ammonium acetate + 1% acetic acid, B: methanol + 5 mM ammonium acetate + 1% acetic acid) mobile phase flow rate: 0.75 mL.min−1, injection volume: 7 μL. Several mycotoxins were assessed, namely: patulin, nivalenol, deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside, deoxynivalenol, fusarenon-X, α-zearalanol, β-zearalanol, β-zearalenol, α-zearalenol, zearalanone, zearalenone, T2 tetraol, deepoxydeoxynivalenol, neosolaniol, 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol, 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol, monoacetoxyscirpenol, diacetoxyscirpenol, aflatoxin M1, aflatoxin B1, aflatoxin B2, aflatoxin G1, aflatoxin G2, fumonisin B1, fumonisin B2, fumonisin B3, T2 triol, roquefortine C, griseofulvin, T2 toxin, HT2 toxin, ochratoxin A, ochratoxin B, mycophenolic acid, mevinolin and sterigmatocystin. The limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) obtained for each mycotoxin with the analytical method used are presented in Table 5.
Preparation monoclonal β-type anti-idiotype antibody of zearalenone and development of green ELISA quantitative detecting technique
Published in Preparative Biochemistry & Biotechnology, 2020
Luhuai Shi, Tao Yu, Miner Luo, Hong Wang
ZEN standard substance, β-zearalenol, α-zearalanol, β-zearalanol, zearalanone, Dexynivalenol, Fumonisin B1, Ochratoxin A, T2 toxin, HRP-labeled streptavidin biotin, HRP-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG antibody (Fc specific or F(ab)’2 specific), Polyethylene glycol, Freund’s incomplete adjuvant, Freund’s complete adjuvant, TMB(3,3′,5,5′-Tetramethylbenzidine), hypoxanthine‐aminopterin‐thymidine (HAT), HT (HT Media Supplement), mouse monoclonal antibody subclass identification kit and PEG4000 were purchased from Sigma Co., Ltd. (USA). Quick adjuvant was purchased from Unique Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China). Immobilized pepsin, biotin labeling kit, Keyhole Limpet Hemocyanin (KLH) and BCA™ protein kit were purchased from Thermo Co., Ltd. (USA). Cell culture medium RPMI-1640, calf serum and hybridoma growth factor were purchased from PPA Co., Ltd (Austria). Myeloma cells SP2/0 were purchased from Shanghai Cell Biology (Shanghai, China). Anti-Ractopamine mAb, anti-Plumbum mAb, anti-Chrome mAb or anti-shrimp allergen mAb were purchased from Biolab Co. Ltd (Beijing, China). A kind of hybridoma secreting anti-ZEN monoclonal antibodies (1G4) was made in our lab. BALB/C mice were purchased from the experimental animal center of Southern Medical University Guangzhou, China. Other reagents were of analytical grade.