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Chemical Analysis in Environmental and Toxicological Chemistry
Published in Stanley E. Manahan, Environmental Chemistry, 2022
The most common type of titration reaction consists of acid–base titration in which an unknown quantity or concentration of acid is titrated with standard base, or vice versa. For example, a solution of hydrochloric acid of unknown concentration can be titrated with a standard solution of sodium hydroxide base using a phenolphthalein indicator, which changes from colorless to pink at the end point. The reaction between the HCl and NaOH is the following: H++Cl-+Na++OH-→H2O+Na++Cl-HydrochloricSodium hydroxideacid analytetitrant
Sampling and Analytical Techniques for Floodwater Quality Monitoring
Published in Saeid Eslamian, Faezeh Eslamian, Flood Handbook, 2022
Josephine Treacy, Saeid Eslamian
The common classical methods include gravimetric and volumetric analysis. Classical methods can be defined as methods involving no instrumentation and no mechanical moving parts(Ribeiro et al., 2014). The range of titration types that are used in a classical analysis includes acid/base titrations, redox titrations, iodometric titrations, argentometric titrations, and complexation titrations. Common volumetric methods include acidity, hardness, redox titration, and precipitation titration such as chloride determination. Parameters such as suspended solids and dissolved solids can be analyzed by gravimetric methods (Eaton et al., 2005). Classical methods are cheap and are still readily used even with advancements in automated instrumental methods.
Analytical Test Methods for Polymer Characterization
Published in Nicholas P. Cheremisinoff, Elastomer Technology Handbook, 2020
Nicholas P. Cheremisinoff, Boyko Randi, Leidy Laura
A titration is a technique for determining the concentration of a material in solution by measuring the volume of a standard solution that is required to react with the sample. One of the most common titrations is a the acid-base titration in which the concentration of a base can be determined by adding a standard solution of an acid to the sample until the base is exactly neutralized. The exact neutralization point is found by the use of an indicator that changes color when the end point is reached.
Stacking polymer microspheres matrix: a facile, practical, and energy-saving strategy for suppression of acid mist
Published in Environmental Technology, 2023
Chengjian Qu, Kai Li, Zhengyun Xie, Shulan Yang, Jia Zhao, Dali Sun, Yanlin Sun
When the colour of the solution changes from red to yellow, it is the endpoint of the titration. (1) Place wetting filter paper [13] on a specific height above the acid solution, as Figure S1 shown. The area and pore size of the filter paper are 0.025447 m2 and 30 ∼ 50 micrometers, respectively. (2) After exposed to the artificial acid mist for a certain time, the filter paper was removed into a beaker containing 80 mL of deionised water and stirring slightly for 15 min. (3) Take the filter paper out of the beaker and add 0.2 mL 0.1% methyl orange solution into the beaker. (4) Add 0.01 mol/L NaOH solution or 0.1 mol/L of NaOH solution into the conical flask. Record the amount of sodium hydroxide at this time, repeat the above operation three times, and take the average value. Calculation of acid mist amount per unit area as follows: A is the amount of acid mist per unit area, mg/m2. S is the area of the filter paper, m2, VNaOH is The volume of NaOH solution. CNaOH is the concentration of NaOH solution.