China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Analysis of modern methods of surface modification of light metals using external energy sources
Published in Dmitrii Zaguliaev, Victor Gromov, Sergey Konovalov, Yurii Ivanov, Electron-Ion-Plasma Modification of a Hypoeutectoid Al-Si Alloy, 2020
Dmitrii Zaguliaev, Victor Gromov, Sergey Konovalov, Yurii Ivanov
A method [40] of hardening a cutting tool, including the deposition of a multilayer coating of the Ti—Al system is available. The cutting tool is placed in the working chamber on the table, the activation of its surface before deposition of the multilayer intermetallic coating of the Ti—Al system is carried out by heating and cleaning the surface using a plasma source of a filament cathode and electric arc evaporators. A multilayer coating is applied while simultaneously spraying two single-component cathodes of Al and Ti and rotating the table around its axis with TiA1N and TiAl layer-by-layer, with argon used for sputtering titanium—aluminium and nitrogen for sputtering titanium aluminium nitride as a working gas. Gas change is carried out using a gas flow regulator, while layer-by-layer coatings are sprayed in a single cycle with alternating deposition of TiA1N and TiAl layers, which are repeated at least 10 times, while the table rotational speed is 10 rpm, the thickness of each layer is from 5…50 nm with a total coating thickness of up to 5 µm, in which TiA13, Ti3A1 intermetallic phases are formed, in the pure form of Ti and Al.
Techniques, Trends, and Advances in Conventional Machining Practices for Metals and Composite Materials
Published in T. S. Srivatsan, T. S. Sudarshan, K. Manigandan, Manufacturing Techniques for Materials, 2018
Ramanathan Arunachalam, Sathish Kannan, Sayyad Zahid Qamar
Nanolayered physical vapor deposited titanium aluminium nitride coatings with a titanium/aluminium ratio of 46/54 were deposited on carbide tools using high power impulse magnetron sputtering (Skordaris et al. 2016). The coating structure consisted of successive nanolayers of titanium aluminium nitride (24 nm) and titanium nitride layers (3 nm) amounting to a total thickness of 2, 4, and 8 μm. The nanolayered coated tools exhibited improved wear resistance compared to a single layer of the same thickness when milling hardened steels at high cutting speeds. The highest thickness (8 μm) performed the best, yielding a tool life of almost 365,000 cuts. The better performance of nanolayer coatings when compared to multilayer and single layer coatings is due to the large number of interfaces, which act as inhibitors of crack propagation (Caliskan et al. 2013). Such coatings exhibit good mechanical properties, such as (a) hardness, (b) toughness, and (c) adhesion. The performance of nanolayer-aluminium titanium nitride/titanium nitride and multilayer nanocomposite titanium aluminium silicon nitride/titanium silicon nitride/titanium aluminium nitride coated carbide tools during high-speed machining of hardened steel was evaluated by Halil Caliskan and coworkers (Caliskan et al. 2013). The nanolayer coated tool performed the best among the compared tools and its tool life was 25, 77 and 2300% of that of the nanocomposite, commercial titanium nitride/titanium aluminium nitride coated and uncoated tools, respectively. The high-temperature hardness exhibited by nanostructured aluminium0.8 titanium0.2 nitride coating enabled an increase in productivity of 400% when machining steels and cast irons (Köpf et al. 2017).
Thin Films for Cutting Tools
Published in Fredrick Madaraka Mwema, Tien-Chien Jen, Lin Zhu, Thin Film Coatings, 2022
Fredrick Madaraka Mwema, Tien-Chien Jen, Lin Zhu
Titanium aluminium nitride (TiAlN) is a chemical compound composed of titanium, aluminium, and nitrogen at a specified ratio. It is a ternary form of nitride in which Al is added to enhance the oxidation resistance of the binary TiN. The TiN undergoes oxidation at 450°C–500°C, whereas the addition of Al increases its oxidation resistance to 800°C. This is attributed to the formation of alumina (Al2O3) which adheres very well onto the substrates enhancing the wear characteristics of the face-centred cubic-structured TiN.
Comparative analysis of low-temperature PVD-based TiN nano-thin-film-coated and -uncoated TNMG inserts in dry machining
Published in Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers, 2020
Muhammad Qasim Zafar, Ghulam Moeen Uddin, Muhammad Asim, Awais Ahmed Khan, Zia-Ur-Rehman Tahir, Nasir Hayat, Muhammad Ghufran, Muhammad Jawad
Machinability of materials and machining performance depends upon several factors such as tool life, surface finish of the work piece, feed rate, cutting speed, depth of cut and, most importantly, tool wear properties of the cutting inserts. Correia and Davim (2011) reported that surface roughness of the work piece and dimensional accuracy are major characteristics that could play significant roles in product quality and production cost. Jindal et al. (1999) concluded that it is possible to achieve a precise work piece surface in a turning process to eliminate the need for finishing operations like grinding and buffing. However, in order to achieve that, various ceramic coatings including titanium nitride (TiN), titanium carbon nitride (TiCN) and titanium aluminum nitride (TiAlN) have been bonded onto the tool surface to enhance the surface finish and the tool life.
Tribological studies of reactive magnetron sputtered titanium aluminium nitride (TiAlN) coatings
Published in Australian Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2019
Kamlesh V. Chauhan, Sushant K. Rawal
Ternary titanium-based tribological coatings, like titanium aluminium nitride (TiAlN), have been largely employed in several industrial applications such as milling, forming processes, automotive, space and aircraft. The reason for a successful application of TiAlN coating is high hardness, good tribology properties and elasticity as well as high oxidation resistance, which enables such coatings to be employed even under higher temperatures (Zhao et al. 2008; Fox-Rabinovich et al. 2006; Bobzin et al. 2007; Khrais and Lin 2007; Braic et al. 2010; Tillmann et al. 2013).