Sun spots – Knowledge and References

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Environmental Photochemistry

Published in Richard A. Larson, Eric J. Weber, Reaction Mechanisms in Environmental Organic Chemistry, 2018

Changes in the frequency distribution and intensity of sunlight vary with time of day and season, of course, and also with elevation, ozone concentration, and presence or absence of clouds, smoke, and dust particles in the atmosphere. In theory, clouds should transmit UV radiation to a greater extent than visible light, but the actual relationship is complex and depends to a great extent on cloud thickness. Tropospheric clouds strongly affect photochemical reaction rates, also, by their ability to differentially scavenge water-soluble reactive species from the gas phase, increasing their concentrations by orders of magnitude and also providing a solvent that can facilitate reactions involving polar species (Lelieveld and Crutzen, 1991). Even the distance from the earth to the sun and the level of sunspot activity can affect sunlight, especially the UV wavelengths, significantly.

Rssi- and Lqi-based clustering: analysis and implementation of multihop EOP-LEACH for WSN using Sun SPOT

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Journal Information

Published in Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers, 2018

Amal Adel Sheta, Safey Ahmed Shehata Abdelwahab, Sayed Elaraby, Mohammed Ibrahim Mahmoud

The second improvement is the control of data fusion in the network using multi-hop routing based on RSSI to decrease distance of transmission for each node which will save energy. Finally, this proposed EOP-LEACH is applied using the Sun SPOT java development kit.