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Sintered Metal Bearings and Fluids for Their Lubrication
Published in Leslie R. Rudnick, Synthetics, Mineral Oils, and Bio-Based Lubricants, 2020
James Aiello, Leslie R. Rudnick
Silicone oils (see Chapter 14) are a used to a lesser extent than other base fluids mainly due to their higher cost. However, silicone oils possess a combination of properties that make them very attractive for certain applications. Silicone oils have excellent thermal and oxidative stability and also provide excellent shear stability. Silicone oils have a very wide temperature range of use along with excellent viscosity–temperature performance (high VI). They can be used over a temperature range of approximately −70°C to 280°C intermittently and from −40°C to 200°C continuously.
Autoinjector and Pen Devices: Combination Product Design and Use
Published in Sandeep Nema, John D. Ludwig, Parenteral Medications, 2019
Glass containers are most frequently made of Type 1 borosilicate glass. The material is well known and offers low reactivity with drug products. It also provides desirable barrier properties. Its conversion to several container forms is well established. Improvements to structural and container properties may continue to emerge as deeper understanding and expended drug modalities develop. Silicone oil is most commonly used as a lubricant in glass syringe and cartridge systems.
Plastics
Published in Sherif D. El Wakil, Processes and Design for Manufacturing, 2019
Silicones can be oils, elastomers, thermoplastics, or thermosets, depending upon the molecular weight and the functional group. Nevertheless, they are all characterized by their ability to withstand elevated temperatures and their water-repellent properties. Silicones in all forms are mainly used for high-temperature applications. These include binders for high-temperature paints and oven and good-handling tubing gaskets. Silicone oils are used as high-temperature lubricants, mold release agents, and damping or dielectric fluids.
3D printing of complex-shaped polymer-derived ceramics with enhanced structural retention
Published in Materials and Manufacturing Processes, 2022
Jian Liu, Shufeng Xiong, Hui Mei, Zhangwei Chen
In this study, three types of silicone oil were selected for comparison, which are termed as silicone oil I (K-363B), silicone oil II (SF-761 C), and silicone oil III (Sylgard184). The schematic chemical structures of K-363B and SF-761 C are shown in Fig. 1.
Direct observation of oil-surface adhesion via sum frequency generation spectroscopy
Published in The Journal of Adhesion, 2023
Kouki Akaike, Haruhisa Akiyama
In this study, we investigated oil-surface adhesion at an epoxy adhesive/aluminum interface using sum frequency generation (SFG) spectroscopy. This technique is a powerful tool for studying buried interfaces, including adhesion interfaces.[21–24] Because SFG is a second-order nonlinear optical process, it is allowed at surfaces or interfaces where the inversion symmetry is broken. SFG provides information about the orientation of functional groups; thus, this technique can be used to determine the presence of the groups and to calculate their orientation angles.[24–27] We chose a silicone oil as a representative oil-contaminants for the purpose of distinguishing molecular behavior of oil molecules from the epoxy adhesive. Since the oil consisting of polydimethylsiloxane gives a distinct vibration at 2910 cm–1, which is assigned to symmetric stretching of Si-(CH3)2, one can separate symmetric stretching modes of methylene (2850 cm–1) and methyl groups (2876 cm–1) in an epoxy adhesive from the oil-derived SF signal. Besides, silicone oils are widely used as lubricants, coating materials, and release agents of rubber and plastics in automobiles. Previous study clarified that silicone oils significantly deteriorate adhesion strength of epoxy adhesives, whereas the oil contaminants does not affect the adhesion of SGAA to Al.[6] We thus expect that SFG can probe differences in chemistry between the epoxy adhesive and SGAA cases. Upon direct contact of silicone-oil-covered AlOx with an epoxy adhesive in the liquid state, the molecular arrangement of the silicone oil is simultaneously perturbed. SFG spectra of the interfaces between adhesive components and AlOx suggested that triethylenetetramine (TETA), an amine hardener, repels oil more preferentially from the interface than a bisphenol A epoxy resin at room temperature. Even after curing with heat treatment, SFG spectra of the interface indicated the presence of silicone oil at the interface, which explains the reduction in adhesion strength upon oil contamination of the surface. A second-generation acryl (SGA) adhesive containing a phosphonic adhesion agent repelled the oil molecules from the interface due to its preferential adsorption. The spectroscopic results shown in this study support the importance of using molecules like phosphonic acid ester for assisting strong adhesion in jointing practical structural materials.