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Hazards
Published in Rick Houghton, William Bennett, Emergency Characterization of Unknown Materials, 2020
Rick Houghton, William Bennett
Potassium is more reactive than sodium and will react with atmospheric oxygen to form three different oxides: potassium oxide (K2O), potassium peroxide (K2O2), and potassium superoxide (KO2). These higher oxides can react with the base metal or organic materials and burn intensely, or they could be shock sensitive and explode. Use very small amounts of sample when testing. A pH strip wetted with deionized or distilled water will indicate a strong base if placed in the fume emitting from the burning sample.
Monomers, Polymers, and Plastics
Published in James G. Speight, Handbook of Petrochemical Processes, 2019
Styrene, an important product of the petrochemical section of the refinery, is produced by dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene which is, in turn, produced by the alkylation of benzene with ethylene. The ethylbenzene is mixed in the gas phase with 10–15 times its volume of high-temperature steam and passed over a solid catalyst bed. The catalyst is typically ion oxide (FeCl3 promoted by potassium oxide or potassium carbonate).
Ambient air quality
Published in Abhishek Tiwary, Ian Williams, Air Pollution, 2018
Various oxidising agents1 are used in both the black powder and the stars, including nitrates, chlorates, and perchlorates. The most commonly used oxidising agents are nitrates, the major component of black powder. Nitrates are composed of nitrate ions (NO3−) with metal ions. The most common oxidiser is potassium nitrate, which decomposes to potassium oxide, nitrogen gas, and oxygen gas: 2KNO3 (s)→ K2O(s)+ N2 (g)+ 2.5O2 (g)
Subsurface integrity studies on the drilling of Al/B4C/mica hybrid metal matrix composites
Published in Materials and Manufacturing Processes, 2020
S. Eaben Rajkumar, K. Palanikumar, K. Pitchandi, B. Latha
Rb-Rubidium is an alkali metal with a soft structure. Its melting point is 39°C. Rb2O is an alkali metal oxide with a melting point of 400°C. It contains around 91% of Rb and 9% of oxygen. Indium is highly ductile with a melting point of 156°C which also reacts with oxygen thus forming In2O3, SiO2 is a very hard element due to its covalent structure. SiO2 layers provide better oxidation resistance. Element Si is nonreactive at an average temperature but reactive at increased temperature. Selenium (Se) is a nonmetal with a melting point of 217°C. Selenium on reacting with oxygen causes the formation of selenium oxide compound (SeO3)4 which has a melting point of 118°C. Potassium (K) is a soft alkali metal with a melting point of 63.28°C. Potassium oxide is a compound, formed as a result of reaction between oxygen and potassium. It is interesting to note that the melting point of some of the phases and elements in the mica particles are below 220°C. This temperature is well below the working temperature in drilling process. Hence, mica particles melt during drilling process and perfectly act as a lubricant.