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Published in Joseph C. Salamone, Polymeric Materials Encyclopedia, 2020
Polyphthalamides represent a new family of high temperature, high performance thermoplastics. The introduction of several new polyphthalamide compositions and the development of commercially viable processes for their production promises to open a new era in polyamide chemistry. A comparison of Amoco's process and BASF's process with respect to which will produce the final polymer with a minimum of side reactions is difficult to discern. The heated, pressurized mixture is passed through to a zone operating at lower pressure in such a manner that a dispersion of prepolymer droplets or aerosol is formed by the vaporization of the solvent plus byproduct water. Several studies have shown that during the production of polyamides from aromatic diacids excessive amounts of side reactions can occur if proper process conditions are not chosen. The contents of the reactor, comprising vapor and molten polymer, can then be introduced into a finishing reactor, wherein the vapor and polymer are separated and the polymerization completed.
Polymers in Our World
Published in Kathleen Hess-Kosa, Building Materials, 2017
According to Dorel Feldman and Guneri Akovali: After 1980 continuous growth was recorded with the development of a number of high performance polymers that could compete with traditional materials such as: polyetheretherketone, polyetherimide (1982), 4,6-polyamide (1987), syndiotactic PS (1989), metallocene polyolfins, polyphthalamide (1991), styrene-etheylene copolymer, syndiotactic PP in 1992 and nanocomposites (Feldman and Akovali 2005).
Plastic and Powder Metal Gear Design Specifics
Published in Alexander L. Kapelevich, Direct Gear Design, 2021
The main polymer gear materials are acetals (POM) and nylons, polyesters, and polycarbonates. They can be used with operating temperatures up to 150°C. For elevated temperature (<170°C) suitable gear polymers are polyphthalamide (PPA), nylon 46, and similar. High-temperature (<200°C) plastic materials include polyetherimide (PEI), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), and liquid crystal polymers (LCPs).
Measurement of photon interaction parameters of high-performance polymers and their composites
Published in Radiation Effects and Defects in Solids, 2018
M. Büyükyıldız, M. A. Taşdelen, Y. Karabul, M. Çağlar, O. İçelli, E. Boydaş
To explore the possible applications of HPP, their relevant shielding parameters against X and/or gamma have to be determined initially. In the present study, the radiation interaction parameters such as μ/ρ, MFP, HVL, Zeff, Neff, EBF, and EABF of the commercially important high-performance polymers and their composites were intensively investigated. The motivation for this study comes from the fact that these parameters are highly important in designing materials that are used in radiation and shielding applications. To this end, the polymeric plates were prepared with polyethersulfone, polyetherimide, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene copolymer, polyamide 66, polyphthalamide, and polypropylene copolymer and their composites containing carbon and glass fibers with different ratio using extrusion and subsequent injection.
Design and analysis of a polyamide – steel hybrid A-pillar for increased vehicle roof structural integrity in rollover accident scenarios
Published in International Journal of Crashworthiness, 2021
Rindai Mahoso, Sagar Singh Parihar
Due to the design requirement for recyclability, the selection of polymer is restricted to thermoplastics. Therefore, the candidates that stand out from preliminary analysis are polyphthalamide, glass filled polycarbonate and glass filled reinforced polyamide (nylon) (Table 1).