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Additive Manufacturing of Biomaterials
Published in Atul Babbar, Ankit Sharma, Vivek Jain, Dheeraj Gupta, Additive Manufacturing Processes in Biomedical Engineering, 2023
In powder-based fusion techniques, an object is created in powder-based AM methods by depositing thin layers of powder materials by carving the object’s cross section in each layer. Due to their benefits in combining flexibility, easy upscaling, and (often) good material qualities of their outputs, powder-based AM methods have found significant application for a variety of metallic, polymeric, and ceramic materials. The ability to repeat these procedures is dependent on the deposition of uniform layers, which has a direct impact on the quality of the finished products. As a result, powder qualities such as particle size distribution, shape, and roughness, as well as process-related properties like powder flowability and packing density must be carefully examined. Due to these constraints, these techniques have so far been unable to find commercial applications for specific applications [5, 28–29].
Properties of bulk materials
Published in D.V. Subba Rao, The Belt Conveyor, 2020
It is obvious that each definition has its own limitations and the usage of a particular definition of size depends on the method of measurement and the purpose for which that defined size is used. In an industrial situation, bulk materials comprise large number of particles of non-uniform sizes. In order to describe such materials completely, it is necessary to determine the particle size distribution. Particle size distribution refers to the manner in which particles are quantitatively distributed among various sizes; in other words, it is a statistical relation between quantity and size.
Particle Management
Published in Debasish Sarkar, Ceramic Processing, 2019
Particle size distribution is statistical data representing the relative amount of mass or volume of particles present corresponding to the respective size or range of size or in other words, it is the quantity of material in terms of the function of size. Various types of distribution can be represented, subject to property used as a basis for measurement. Particle size analysis is typically assessed in terms of the quantity of individual particles and the quantity of particles in each pre-determined size fraction is used to obtain the particle size distribution [41]. Prior to a discussion of such particle size distribution analysis, one can pick up the different characterization protocols, apart from sieve analysis, used to collect the particle size data (see Table 2.4).
Experimental study to reduce the emission of carbon dioxide from cement plants: a case study on Asiabar local mineral pozzolan
Published in European Journal of Environmental and Civil Engineering, 2023
Mojtaba Rangrazian, Reza Mahjoub, Rahmat Madandoust, Mehdi Raftari
The particle size distribution is a mathematical function that usually expresses the mass of particles in terms of their size. The Asiabar pozzolan is a soft pozzolan that can physically fill the pores and cavities between cement grains to create a higher relative density for the concrete. Based on the measured results, the specific surface area of ordinary Portland cement and natural Asiabar pozzolan was equal to 0.35 and 1.23 m2/gr, respectively. Also, the average particle sizes of ordinary Portland cement and Asiabar pozzolans were measured as 9.34 μm and 3.55 μm, respectively. According to laboratory reports, the size of natural pozzolans’ particles is better than that of ordinary Portland cement. Some superplasticiser (M110 carboxylic) with a density of 1.03 g/cm3 (at 20 °C) was added to each mortar mixture aimed at increasing the flowability of the mixture and helping disperse the particles.
Exploring the antioxidant potential of fermented turmeric pulp: effect of extraction methods and microencapsulation
Published in Preparative Biochemistry & Biotechnology, 2022
Poorva Sharma, Piyush Kashyap, Akshay Dhakane
Particle size plays a significant role to determine the stability of functional components toward environmental conditions. Particle size distribution also hamper other properties of powder such as bulk density, angle of repose, flowability, rehydration capacity, solubility, and dispersibility. The particle size of both microencapsulated and non-microencapsulated samples is given in Table 3. Particle size was observed to increase with increase in maltodextrin concentration. The possible reason for this trend is the higher viscosity of the solution which leads to generation of larger droplets with increasing percentage of maltodextrin.[43] Similar results were observed by Corrêa-Filho et al.[44] in which β-carotene was microencapsulated by Arabic gum.
Friction and Wear Behavior of Graphene and Graphite Oxide–Reinforced Epoxy Composites
Published in Tribology Transactions, 2022
Karthik Srinivas Venkataraman, Albert E. Segall, Koki Urita, Cira Feeney, Ron Sherant, Chiharu Urita, Ben Madden, Matthew Krohn, Fernando Vallejos-Burgos
Sanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used for morphological imaging of the samples. Initialy, the graphene particles were loaded on a double-sided carbon tape centered on the stub using a small spatula; an air gun was used to disperse the particles not adhered to the surface. SEM images were then taken at different accelerating voltages ranging from 1 to 20 keV. Brinell hardness values were obtained using a stainless steel ball of 1 mm diameter and a load range from 2.5 to 30 kg. Particle size distribution was measured using a laser diffraction particle size analyzer. Measurements were made using both red (633 nm) and blue light laser (470 nm) sources to cover particle sizes ranging from 10 nm to 3.5 mm. All measurements were carried out in five replicates and the average value of the five was reported. The Raman spectra of the samples were measured using a 532-nm laser with 600 gratings/mm and an incident power of 4.1 mW to obtain insights on the fillers. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) measurements were made on a infrared microscope attached to a spectrometer. Measurements were made in attentuated total reflectance geometry using a Ge attenuated total reflection objective with a 100-μm-diameter tip. A total of 500 scans were averaged per spectrum and absorbance was calculated by referencing to a clean bare Ge tip.