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Analytical Test Methods for Polymer Characterization
Published in Nicholas P. Cheremisinoff, Elastomer Technology Handbook, 2020
Nicholas P. Cheremisinoff, Boyko Randi, Leidy Laura
Neutron activation analysis is a method of elemental analysis in which nonradioactive elements are converted to radioactive ones by neutron bombardment, and the elements of interest are determined from resulting radioactivity (Figure 43). High-energy (14-MeV) neutrons are generated by the reaction of medium-energy deuterium ions with titrium. For oxygen analysis, the carefully weighed sample is irradiated for 15 s to convert a small amount of the oxygen-16 to nitrogen-16, which emits α rays with a half-life of 7.4 s. The irradiated sample is transferred to a scintillation detector where the α rays are counted for 30 s to insure that all usable radioactivity has been counted and that no significant radioactivity remains in the sample. The system is calibrated with standards of known oxygen content.
The Atomic Nucleus
Published in Alan Cottrell, An Introduction to Metallurgy, 2019
As an example, consider an atom of oxygen-16. We regard it as equivalent to eight hydrogen atoms, each of mass 1.00813 u, and eight neutrons. The total mass of the individual particles is thus 8(1.00813 + 1.00897) = 16.13680. The mass of oxygen-16 is 16 (= A). Hence the mass defect is 0.13680. This is equivalent to a total binding energy of 0.1368 × 931 = 127.4 MeV, i.e. to a binding energy per nucleon of 127.4/16 = 7.96 MeV.
Uncertainty quantification of criticality in solid-moderated and -reflected cores at Kyoto University Critical Assembly
Published in Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 2018
Cheol Ho Pyeon, Masao Yamanaka, Makoto Ito, Go Chiba, Tomohiro Endo, Song Hyun Kim, Willem Fredrik G. van Rooijen
Sensitivity coefficients (Equation (7)) of keff in excess reactivity and control rod worth were analyzed by the SAGEP code for assessing cross-sectional data of inelastic scattering, elastic scattering, and capture reactions of 27Al, boron isotopes (10, 11B), carbon (12C), hydrogen (1H), oxygen (16O), and uranium isotopes (234, 235, 236, 238U) comprising the core components.