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Commentary
Published in Debasis Bagchi, Manashi Bagchi, Metal Toxicology Handbook, 2020
Debasis Bagchi, Manashi Bagchi
Selected species of plants have demonstrated their ability in absorbing contaminants like lead.7 Like other metals, Tin is extensively used for (a) high polish, (b) coating other metals including steel and can coating to resist corrosion, (c) superconducting magnets made of niobium-tin alloy, (d) several alloys of tin are used including pewter, bronze, phosphor bronze, and soft solder, (e) electrically conductive coatings are manufactured by spraying tin on glass and (f) flat surfaces of window glass are prepared by floating molten glass on molten tin. In addition, Tin (II) chloride is employed for dyeing calico and silk as a mordant, while tin (IV) oxide is employed in the manufacturing of ceramics and gas sensors. On the other hand, organic tin compounds are extremely poisonous, while tributyltin oxide is extensively used as an antifouling paint for ships, boats, submarines, and naval underwater coatings, which are polluting the aquatic environment and marine life extensively.
Image-Guided Surgery
Published in John G Webster, Minimally Invasive Medical Technology, 2016
The magnet wires are made of niobium tin, which is superconducting at higher temperatures than conventional windings. Therefore, liquid helium is not necessary around the winding for cooling purposes and the gap is wider. The gradient coils are also installed in the double-doughnut assembly (Lamb and Gedroyc 1997). Conventional transmit and receive RF coils can be used with the system, but preclude access because they typically surround the patient. Specifically designed flexible surface coils are available and can be attached to the patient with Velcro straps. Sensors needed for tracking information can be placed in the same gap above the patient. This configuration can also be used for motion studies when the patient is standing in between the two rings. With this design, the patient is directly accessible, but the space for the surgical team (surgeons and nurses) is very limited.
Geology and genesis of the Musha-Ntunga Sn-Ta-Li-Nb vein-pegmatite deposit, Rwanda: first results from deep drilling of a coltan mine in Rwanda and first detailed description of Li minerals
Published in Applied Earth Science, 2019
A. Goodship, A. Dace, P. O’Hare, J. Uwiringiyimana, R. Siddle, C. Moon
Coltan deposits in central Africa are well known for artisanal production of tantalum as well as niobium, tin and wolfram. However most have only been worked to the water table and their geology is often not well understood as a result of deep weathering and a lack of systematic exploration.