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Nanotechnology and Delivery System for Bioactive Antibiofilm Dental Materials
Published in Mary Anne S. Melo, Designing Bioactive Polymeric Materials for Restorative Dentistry, 2020
Jin Xiao, Yuan Liu, Marlise I. Klein, Anna Nikikova, Yanfang Ren
N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is a powerful antioxidant widely used in medicine as micolytic and antidote in oxidative stress. The effect of NAC on the cells is generally protective, and the documented adverse effects of the drug are mostly from high-dose IV formulations and inhalation, including rash, urticarial, and stomatitis (Ahola et al. 1999). Toxicity to epithelial cells in the topical application of NAC in long-term therapeutic doses has not been reported.
Redox homeostasis in sport: do athletes really need antioxidant support?
Published in Research in Sports Medicine, 2019
Ambra Antonioni, Cristina Fantini, Ivan Dimauro, Daniela Caporossi
N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is a reduced thiol donor and redox modulator. Its chemical structure derives from the amino acid L-cystein and it is able to enhance availability of cysteine and glutathione (GSH) in muscle (Medved et al., 2004). For this reason, NAC is considered an effective non-specific antioxidant that potentially reduces the harmful effects of exercise-induced ROS (Medved et al., 2004). Beside its pharmacological application as mucolytic agent, NAC is utilized among nutritional additives for athletes as a means of improving recovery and enhancing athletic performance. Proposed mechanisms of NAC action include enhancement of potassium homeostasis, preservation of the NA+/K+ pump activity within skeletal muscle and the inhibition of calcium ATPase oxidation at the sarcoplasmic reticulum (Ferreira & Reid, 2008). However, both Gomez-Cabrera (2015) and Trewin (2015) groups described at molecular level that NAC supplementation can affect canonical skeletal signaling pathway (i.e. JNK, p65phox, Akt/mTOR) reducing both the expression of proteins implicated in exercise-induced adaptation and limiting the activity of specific kinases such as p38MAPK, Akt or p70s6K.
Neuro-protective potentials of N-acetylcysteine and zinc against di(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate-induced neuro-histopathology and dys-regulations of Dopamine and Glutamate in rat brain
Published in Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A, 2023
Adelaja Akinlolu, Victor Emojevwe, Raphael Uwejigho, Juliet Ilesanmi, Rokibat Owolabi, Abimbola Igandan
In addition, N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) is a supplement form of cysteine which binds to glycine and glutamine to form glutathione, a strong antioxidant. Due to the role of oxidative stress in induction of nervous system diseases and neurodegeneration, NAC has been proposed for possible treatments of psychiatric disorders, addictive behaviors, symptoms of depression, bipolar disorder and withdrawal symptoms.[15,16]
Physical activity and nutrition guidelines to help with the fight against COVID-19
Published in Journal of Sports Sciences, 2021
Kayvan Khoramipour, Aref Basereh, Amirhoseein Ahmadi Hekmatikar, Lindy Castell, Ruheea Taskin Ruhee, Katsuhiko Suzuki
N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is regularly used to treat patients with bronchial diseases, including pneumonia (Van Hecke & Lee, 2020). Acetylcysteine is derived from cysteine, which is involved in the synthesis of glutathione (GSH): this helps to decrease pro-inflammatory cytokines and to increase vasodilation. Interestingly, intravenous GSH relieved respiratory distress in two patients with dyspnoea after COVID-19 pneumonia (Horowitz et al., 2020).