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Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Idiopathic Inflammatory Myositis
Published in Richard K. Burt, Alberto M. Marmont, Stem Cell Therapy for Autoimmune Disease, 2019
Yu Oyama, Walter G. Barr, Richard K. Burt
The initial treatment for IIM is corticosteroids 1-2 mg/kg per day in single or divided doses. In severe cases, pulse intravenous methylprednisolone can be used. It may take 4-8 weeks for significant improvement. If disease flares while tapering steroids or fails to respond, weekly oral (5-15 mg) methotrexate,22 or weekly parenteral (25-50 mg) methotrexate, or daily azathioprine (100-150 mg)23 is added. A combination of methotrexate and azathioprine may be helpful in patients refractory to both drugs alone.2 Other agents reported to be effective are cyclophosphamide,25 cyclosporin,26 tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil,27 etanercept,28 IVIG,29 rituximab30 and CAM PATH-1H.31 Hydroxychloroquine is effective for DM-associated skin rash.
Pulmonary complications of bone-marrow and stem-cell transplantation
Published in Philippe Camus, Edward C Rosenow, Drug-induced and Iatrogenic Respiratory Disease, 2010
Bekele Afessa, Andrew D Badley, Steve G Peters
Based on retrospective studies, HSCT recipients with DAH are treated with systemic corticosteroids.115,129 We commonly use intravenous methylprednisolone approximately 1 g daily in four divided doses for 5 days, followed by 1 mg/kg for 3 days and tapering off over 2–4 weeks.115 Although a retrospective study showed no outcome benefit,132 there are case reports of allogeneic HSCT recipients with DAH successfully treated with recombinant factor VIIa.133,134
Mortality in mechanically ventilated patients with COVID-19: a systematic review
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2021
Maria Tsikala Vafea, Raina Zhang, Markos Kalligeros, Evangelia K. Mylona, Fadi Shehadeh, Eleftherios Mylonakis
Corticosteroids inhibit cytokine expression and cytokine storm-like syndrome precipitates severe COVID-19 [156] and on the basis of the report from the RECOVERY trial [92], the COVID-19 Treatment Guidelines Panel recommends using dexamethasone in patients receiving IMV or supplemental oxygen and if not available recommends using prednisone, methylprednisolone or hydrocortisone [158]. Following the results of the WHO REACT group meta-analysis [155], the group strongly recommends the use of systemic corticosteroids (dexamethasone or hydrocortisone) for 7 to 10 days in patients with severe COVID-19 [159]. Therefore, systemic steroids and especially dexamethasone, should be used in patients receiving IMV or NIV.