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Extraction and Chemistry of Rubber Allergens
Published in Robert N. Phalen, Howard I. Maibach, Protective Gloves for Occupational Use, 2023
Several chromatographic methods have been reported in the literature to identify and measure specific allergenic sulfur accelerators from rubber gloves. The extreme metal reactivity of ZDTCs makes it challenging to quantify this class of chemicals as they can react with nickel from stainless steel in the chromatographic instrument's sample path. Kaniwa et al.38 reported a series of analytical procedures to measure amine, thiuram, “MBT-type” (MBT, MBTS, N-cyclohexyl-2- benzothiazole sulfenamide, morpholinyl-mercaptobenzothiazole), and DTC accelerators from rubber gloves. Glove acetone/chloroform extracts were either evaporated to dryness and reconstituted in dichloromethane for sulfur accelerator analysis or partitioned into 5% HCl for amine analysis by a gas chromatographic (GC) equipped with a nitrogen-phosphorous detector. Thiurams and “MBT-type” accelerators were assayed directly by reversed-phase (RP)-HPLC-UV at 245 and 275 nm. MBT was also assessed by RP-HPLC (UV 275 nm) following methylation. DTCs were reacted with CoCl2 and the resultant CoDTCs were assayed by RT-HPLC (UV 320 nm). Gloves associated with glove ACD were assayed and although thiurams were consistently patch-test positive in the subjects of this study, ZDTCs and amines, but not thiurams, were detected in their gloves. It is common to find multiple ZDTCs in rubber gloves and a drawback to this method is that with multiple ZDTC (differing side chains; ex. methyl, ethyl, butyl, etc.) containing glove extracts mixed CoDTC species are formed making quantification of the specific ZDTC species difficult.
Gold Ore Processing and Environmental Impacts: An Introduction
Published in Sadia Ilyas, Jae-chun Lee, Gold Metallurgy and the Environment, 2018
The quality and strength of the foam is essential when gliding free gold. There is an impression of there being an inclination for polyglycol ether-construct frothers in light of most Collector structure – singular authorities Cytec reagent subtle elements sodiumisobutyl xanthate AERO 317, potassium amyl xanthate AERO 343, xanthogenformate detailing AERO 3758, diisobutyldithiophosphate AERO 3477, mercaptobenzothiazole AERO 404, monothiophosphate AERO 6697, dithiophosphate definition Reagent S-9810, collector sythesis – mixed gatherers, dithiophosphate/monothiophosphate plan AERO 7249, monothiophosphate/dithiophosphate plan AERO 8761, dithiophosphate/monothiophosphate/dithiophosphinate, definition Reagent S-9913, dithiophosphate/mercaptobenzothiazole detailing AERO 405, dithiophosphate/mercaptobenzothiazole definition AERO 7156, thionocarbamate/dithiophosphate plan AERO 3926, thionocarbamate/dithiophosphate detailing AERO 473, modified thionocarbamate/dithiophosphate details AERO 5744/5, dicresyldithiophosphate plan reagent S-8985, modified thionocarbamate/dithiophosphate/monothiophosphate detailing reagent S-9889, ethyl octyl sulphide definition reagent S-701, and dithiocarbamate/sodium hydrosulfide detailing reagent S-3730 are some of the well-known reagents to be used as frother in gold flotation. At the point when selectivity is required or, on account of copper–gold metals, where a copper think is sold to a smelter, a weaker frother (for example, methyl isobutyl carbinol (MIBC)) is favoured. The decision of a molecule measure adjusted frother additionally is a vital thought in gold buoyancy as this advances composite molecule recuperation in the forager buoyancy circuit. When in doubt, the glycol or polypropylene glycol methyl ether frothers are perfect for this application (Klimpel, 1997). The mixed inter froth frothers have discovered wide acknowledgment in the Australian gold industry (Goold, 1990).
Industrial Polymers
Published in Manas Chanda, Plastics Technology Handbook, 2017
Heat stabilizers include copper salts, phosphoric acid esters, mercaptobenzothiazole, mercaptoben-zimidazole, and phenyl-β-naphthyl-amine. Among light stabilizers are carbon black and various phenolic materials. Self-lubricating grades of nylon which are of value in some gear and bearing applications incorporate lubricants such as molybdenum disulfide (0.2%) and graphite (1%).
Evaluation of the mercaptobenzothiazole degradation by combined adsorption process and Fenton reaction using iron mining residue
Published in Environmental Technology, 2017
Adriana Lau da Silva Martins, Luís Alberto César Teixeira, Fabiana Valéria da Fonseca, Lídia Yokoyama
Mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT) is mainly used as a vulcanization accelerator in rubber and fungicide production, although it is also used to inhibit copper corrosion in water and as a component of oil products [1,2]. It is toxic to many species of bacteria and its presence inhibits the biodegradation of other compounds, including some secondary products of its degradation [2]. MBT is very resistant to biodegradation and many of its degradation products are recalcitrant [3]. MBT is used as fungicide in the leather and wood industries and some of its products are known to be toxic to humans and other living organisms [4].