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Introduction to cyanobacteria
Published in Ingrid Chorus, Martin Welker, Toxic Cyanobacteria in Water, 2021
Leticia Vidal, Andreas Ballot, Sandra M. F. O. Azevedo, Judit Padisák, Martin Welker
As prokaryotes, cyanobacteria lack a cell nucleus and other cell organelles, allowing their microscopic distinction from most other microalgae. In particular, cyanobacteria lack chloroplasts, and instead, the chlorophyll for the photosynthesis is contained in simple thylakoids, the site of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis (exception: Gloeobacter spp. not possessing thylakoids). Cyanobacteria occur as unicellular, colonial or multicellular filamentous forms. Diverse forms populate all possible environments where light and at least some water and nutrients are available – even if only in very low quantities. Examples for extreme environments in which cyanobacteria can be encountered are caves or deserts (Whitton & Potts, 2000). This volume primarily considers cyanobacteria in the aquatic environments where they may grow suspended in water (i.e., as “plankton”), attached to hard surfaces (“benthos” or “benthic”, respectively), or to macrophytes or any other submerged surfaces (“periphytic” or “metaphytic”).
Seaweeds
Published in Parimelazhagan Thangaraj, Phytomedicine, 2020
L. Stanley Abraham, Vasantharaja Raguraman, R. Thirugnanasambandam, K. M. Smitha, D. Inbakandan, P. Premasudha
Plastoquinones are quinone class of compounds mostly isolated from brown seaweeds, involved in light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis (Aikaterini et al. 2018). Mori et al. (2006) extracted three different types of plastoquinones from Sargassum micracanthum and evaluated their anti-ulcer effect. Gil et al. (1995) observed the anti-inflammatory activity of epitaondiol, and Areche et al. (2015) evaluated the gastroprotective property of the meroterpenoid seco-taondiol from the brown seaweed Stypopodium flabelliforme (Aikaterini et al. 2018).
Biofuel and Biochemical Production by Photosynthetic Organisms
Published in Kazuyuki Shimizu, Metabolic Regulation and Metabolic Engineering for Biofuel and Biochemical Production, 2017
After cyanophycin is exhausted, cells degrade the phycobilisomes that are large protein-rich light-harvesting antennae attached to the outside of the thylakoid membranes and support the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis (Grossman et al. 1993), where it is composed of rod and core proteins to provide nitrogen, which leads to a color change of cells from blue-green to yellow green, known as bleaching (Grossman et al., 1993).
Mathematical model validation of floating PV parks impact on the growth of green algae using experimental chamber
Published in Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 2023
Light-dependent reactions are a part of the photosynthetic process, which transform solar energy from the sun into chemical energy in the form of ATP and NADPH. Plant chlorophyll absorbs sunlight and converts it into NADPH by transferring the energy of the sun to electrons (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate hydrogen). It catalyzes subsequent processes in photosynthesis and is the primary byproduct of the photosynthetic process (Fatima et al. 2021).