Lawrencium

Lawrencium

Properties Of Cryogenically Recyclable Materials

Published in Norman R. Braton, Cryogenic Recycling and Processing, 1980

The structural formula for polypropylene demonstrates one of the differences between metals and polymers. Notice that polypropylene can have many different molecular weights depending upon the value of N, whereas, a metal has but one molecular weight. Polymers typically have molecular weights between 104 and 106, while the highest molecular weight metal is Lawrencium (Lw) with a molecular weight of 103.

Chemistry of superheavy transition metals

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Journal Information

Published in Journal of Coordination Chemistry, 2022

Francesco Neve

Relativistic effects (either direct or indirect in nature) on the electronic structure become increasingly strong along the actinide series as currently defined (elements Z = 89–103). At the end of the series, after the closed-shell element nobelium, [Rn]5f147s2 (atomic state 1S0) [5], the ground-state electronic configuration of lawrencium (Lr, Z = 103) was predicted [6] to be [Rn]5f147s27p1/21, in contrast to that of lutetium (Lu, Z = 71) [Xe]4f145d16s2, its lanthanide homologue. Due to relativistic contraction of the p1/2 shell, the 7p1/2 orbital (a sperically symmetric orbital as the 7s1/2 one) was expected to be stabilized (a direct effect) while the 6d orbitals (6d3/2, 6d5/2) become more diffuse and therefore destabilized (an indirect effect). The experimental measurement [7] of the ionization potential (IP1) confirmed the atomic ground state of Lr is the 7s27p1/21 level, lower than 7s26d3/21 by 0.18 eV.

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Properties Of Cryogenically Recyclable Materials

Chemistry of superheavy transition metals