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Published in Eli Ruckenstein, Hangquan Li, Chong Cheng, Solution and Surface Polymerization, 2019
All experiments were performed under a dry nitrogen atmosphere using either standard Schlenk techniques or a dry box. Reagent grade hexane, THF, and methylene chloride were distilled prior to use from calcium hydride under nitrogen. Toluene and all other solvents were purified by refluxing over Na-K alloy/benzophenone ketyl under nitrogen for at least a week followed by distillation. Styrene was purchased from Aldrich and dried over calcium hydride for 1 week at room temperature and distilled under reduced pressure. Trimethylsilyl chloride (Aldrich) was distilled from CaH2 and dichlorodimethylsilane from quinoline. MAO and all other reagents were purchased from Aldrich and used without further purification. The Me3SnF was synthesized by using a published method8 and sublimed at 100°C/1.32 × 10−2 Pa prior to use. 1H- and 19F-NMR spectra were recorded on an INOVA-500 spectrometer. The CpTiCl3, CpTiF3, Cp*TiCl3, Cp*TiF3, (MeCp)TiCl3, (MeCp)TiF3, (MeCp)2TiCl2, and (MeCp)2TiF3 were prepared according to the literature.4,7
Synthesis and Characterization of Metal–Organic Frameworks
Published in T. Grant Glover, Bin Mu, Gas Adsorption in Metal-Organic Frameworks, 2018
A reaction mixture is commonly prepared in air; however, if starting materials are air (oxygen and/or water) sensitive (e.g., FeCl2 for Fe2+-based MOF23), all chemicals and equipment must be handled under inert atmosphere (i.e., under N2 or Ar). Although the Schlenk line technique is well established for handling air-sensitive materials, this is not the best way to weigh solid starting materials. Therefore, a glovebox filled with N2 or Ar is often used to synthesize air-sensitive MOF materials. For the successful manipulation of air-sensitive materials, reaction vessels (e.g., glass vials) should be heated in the drying oven for 30–60 min before moving them into the glove box. If materials (e.g., plastic caps) cannot be heated, it is better to keep them under vacuum in the glove box antechamber overnight. All chemicals used in the glove box must be purified before bringing them into the glove box or purchased from reliable vendors, and, if necessary, the water content in solvents is tested by a benzophenone ketyl test.24
Interfacial Catalysis at Oil/Water Interfaces
Published in Alexander G. Vdlkdv, Interfacial Catalysis, 2002
A look at what can be done now and a hint at what soon will be routine is seen in the work of Woodward and Sakaguchi [118]. Hydrogen removal in benzophenones in micelles was examined by pulsed microwave irradiation. By a combination of single pulse and pulse shift measurements, all the kinetic parameters were obtained for the reaction in each micellar system, resulting in a global kinetic analysis. What emerged from this comprehensive scrutiny was a clarification of the micelle interior and a better understanding of the role the ketyl radical was playing in the recombination kinetics. Pulsed microwave is just one of the many new insightful approaches to micellar kinetics now possible. Another molecular information-rich technique that has seen little use to date in following micellar kinetics is NMR with all of its acronymic variants that in the hands of the experienced can reveal such intimate details of structure. As micelle kineticists become better versed in the investigative opportunities afforded by these and other new methods, it can be confidently predicted that great strides will be made in the understanding of the micelle itself as well as of the manner by which it affects reaction rates and mechanisms.
A cobalt adduct of an N-hydroxy-piperidinium cation
Published in Journal of Coordination Chemistry, 2022
Sophie W. Anferov, John S. Anderson
All chemicals were purchased from commercial suppliers and used without purification. All manipulations were carried out under an atmosphere of N2 using standard Schlenk and glovebox techniques. Glassware was dried at 180 °C for a minimum of two hours and cooled under vacuum prior to use. Solvents were dried on a solvent purification system from Pure Process Technologies and stored over 4 Å molecular sieves under N2. Tetrahydrofuran (THF) was stirred over NaK alloy and run through an additional alumina column prior to use to ensure dryness. Solvents were tested for H2O and O2 using a standard solution of sodium-benzophenone ketyl radical anion. CD3CN, C6D6, and d8-toluene were dried over 4 Å molecular sieves under N2.
In vivo imaging/detection of MRSA bacterial infections in mice using fluorescence labelled polymeric nanoparticles carrying vancomycin as the targeting agent
Published in Journal of Biomaterials Science, Polymer Edition, 2020
Araz Norouz Dizaji, Dan Ding, Tulin Kutsal, Mustafa Turk, Deling Kong, Erhan Piskin
The main component of the nanoparticles, 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-[maleimide(polyethylene glycol)-2000] Maleimide (DSPE-PEG2000-Mal) was a commercial product of Avanti Polar Lipids, Inc., USA. The photoactive (fluorescent) component/label – PFBT was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA. Vancomycin dihydrochloride (Van), cystamine dihydrochloride, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), dimethylformamide (DMF), N,N,N′,N′-Tetramethyl-O-(1H-benzotriazole-1-yl) uronium hexafluorophosphate (HBTU), N,N-diisopropylethylamine (DIEA), glycerol, H2O2 and Tris(2-carboxyethyl) phosphine hydrochloride (TCEP) that were used for the synthesis of the thiolated-vancomycin (HS-vancomycin) and also in other treatments were also purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, USA. Tetrahydrofuran (THF) was distilled from sodium benzophenone ketyl under dry nitrogen immediately prior to use. Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium (DMEM) and Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS), which were used for cell culture studies, were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich, USA. L929 fibroblast cell line (derivative of strain L mice fibroblast cells), Water Soluble Tetrazolium Salts-1 (WST-1) and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) antibody labeling kit (Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA), and Caspas-3 assay kits (AB3623, Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA) were provided by the Kirikkale University Central Laboratories, Turkey.
Influencing factors on liquid crystalline properties of cholesterol side-chain liquid crystalline polymers without spacer: molecular weight and copolymerisation
Published in Liquid Crystals, 2019
Xiwen Yang, Sheng Chen, Shaonan Chen, Haoran Xu
Triethylamine (TEA) was distilled from 4-toluene sulfonyl chloride. Purified tetrahydrofuran (THF) was distilled from sodium benzophenone ketyl under argon and used immediately. Dichloromethane (CH2Cl2) were dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate. Methyl acrylate (MA) was purified by neutral alumina chromatographic column. 2,2-Azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) was freshly recrystallised from methanol. Refined toluene and refined chlorobenzene are obtained by acid washing, alkali washing, water washing and distillation. Cholesteryl, methacryloyl chloride, acryloyl chloride, tri-n-butyltin hydride (Bu3HSn) were purchased from Energy Chemical, which were used as received without further purification. RAFT agent 4-cyanopentanoic acid dithiobenzoate (CPDB) was synthesised according to the previous reports [50,51].