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Extraction, Isolation and Utilisation of Bioactive Compounds from rice Waste
Published in Quan V. Vuong, Utilisation of Bioactive Compounds from Agricultural and Food Waste, 2017
The antioxidant ability of phytic acid has also been recognized in a number of studies. Norazalina et al. (2010) reported that 71 per cent of carcinogen-treated rats supplied with drinking water containing 0.5 per cent rice bran phytic acid were found to have no signs of colon cancer after 8 weeks. Phytic acid can inhibit the formation of hydroxyl radicals by binding with Fe2+ to form the iron chelate that suppresses the oxidative reaction. This mechanism has been used to explain the ability of phytic acid in reducing the risk of colon cancer (Graf and Eaton 1990). Diabetic KK mice fed with a dietry supplement of 1 per cent of phytic acid over 8 weeks were found to have a reduction in blood glucose (Lee et al. 2006). However, the mechanism by which phytic acid lowers blood glucose has been remained unclear. The strong antioxidant ability of phytic acid can reduce neurodegeneration, which is associated with Parkinson’s disease (Xu et al. 2008). As it could prevent lipid oxidation, phytic acid has been used to inhibit the development of an over-warm flavour of beef and chicken meat (Lee et al. 1998, Soares et al. 2004).
Geothermal Energy
Published in D. Yogi Goswami, Frank Kreith, Energy Conversion, 2017
Joel L. Renner, Marshall J. Reed
The incineration process burns the gas removed from the steam to convert H2S to SO2, the gases are absorbed in water to form SO−23 and SO−24 in solution, and iron chelate is used to form S2O−23 (Bedell and Hammond 1987). Figure 8.2 shows an incineration abatement system (Bedell and Hammond 1987). The major product from the incineration process is a soluble thiosulfate which is injected into the reservoir with the condensed water used for the reservoir pressure-maintenance program. Sulfur emissions for each megawatt-hour of electricity produced in 1991, as SO2 by plant type in the United States was 9.23 kg from coal, 4.95 kg from petroleum, and 0.03 kg from geothermal flashed-steam (Colligan 1993). Geothermal power plants have none of the nitrogen oxide emissions that are common from fossil fuel plants.
Some Misconceptions about Micronutrients
Published in Abdul Rashid, Munir Zia, Waqar Ahmad, Micronutrient Fertilizer Use in Pakistan, 2023
Abdul Rashid, Munir Zia, Waqar Ahmad
EDTA is the most commonly used chelating agent for producing micronutrient fertilizer. Two additional chelating agents commonly used for Fe are HEDTA and EDDHA. More stable chelates (like EDDHA) are costlier than the relatively less stable ones (like EDTA). Fe-EDDHA (marketed under the trade names Sequestrene and Feriplex) is the most stable iron chelate throughout the pH range of 4–10, whereas the stability of Fe-EDTA falls above pH 7.0. Thus, even among chelating sources, there is a wide range of effectiveness for micronutrients.
Oxidative degradation stability and hydrogen sulfide removal performance of dual-ligand iron chelate of Fe-EDTA/CA
Published in Environmental Technology, 2018
Xinmei Miao, Yiwen Ma, Zezhi Chen, Huijuan Gong
In general, an aminopolycarboxylic acid, such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA), diethylenetriaminepenta acetic acid (DTPA), or N-hydroxyethylethylenediaminetriacetic acid (HEDTA), was chosen as the chelating agent [10] to produce iron chelate. EDTA is the most commonly used chelating agent in practice for its cheapness and easily available. As demonstrated in the literature of [4,10,11], it is possible to achieve complete removal of H2S from biogas using Fe-EDTA solution with appropriate operation conditions. However, the H2S removal efficiency would decrease significantly, in case that the iron chelate degrades [12,13]. Along with the degradation of iron chelate, the precipitate mixtures of ferric hydroxide, ferrous hydroxide, and ferrous sulfide generate, leading to the decrease of iron chelate concentration; therefore, fresh iron chelate should be supplemented to maintain trouble-free operation of the desulfurization process. This would cause a significant increase in the operation cost. Thus, preventing the chelated iron from degradation is the key issue for the application of catalytic oxidation desulfurization technology.