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Optical Methods for Diabetic Foot Ulcer Screening
Published in Andrey V. Dunaev, Valery V. Tuchin, Biomedical Photonics for Diabetes Research, 2023
Robert Bartlett, Gennadi Saiko, Alexandre Yu. Douplik
Provocative maneuvers are frequently used to improve clinical predictions. One maneuver is to breathe 100% oxygen for 15 minutes and evaluate the change in oxygen pressure. Patients with severe disease will have a “blunted” response to oxygen with little change. Because transcutaneous testing is frequently used to screen patients for hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy, measurements may be performed in the hyperbaric chamber at treatment pressure. Diabetic patients whose TcPO2 values during a hyperbaric session are >200 mmHg have a significant likelihood of benefitting from HBO therapy, whereas patients whose “in-chamber” TcPO2 values are <50mmHg are not likely to benefit [28–31].
Propagation of buckling mechanisms of pipe-in-pipe systems under external pressure
Published in Amin Heidarpour, Xiao-Ling Zhao, Tubular Structures XVI, 2018
M. Alrsai, H. Karampour, B.P. Gilbert, S. Chowdhury, F. Albermani
The experimental and FE results of propagation pressure of the tested PIP system are compared in Table 1. The experimental results of the propagation pressure of the PIP system (Pp2) and that of the single outer pipe (Pp) which are given in Table 1 are the average of three test results. As depicted in Table 1, the normalised pressure Pp2/Pp obtained from the FE model is only 4% lower than that measured from the hyperbaric chamber test.
Ventilation of Hyperbaric Chambers
Published in Ryszard Kłos, Ventilation of Normobaric and Hyperbaric Objects, 2021
where ∆n is decrease in gas amount in the hyperbaric chamber, np is the initial number of the gas moles in the hyperbaric chamber, nk is the final number of the gas moles in the hyperbaric chamber, V is volume of the chamber, pp is the initial pressure, pk is the final pressure, and ∆p is pressure drop.
Design and construction of shallow water spherical pressure hull for a manned cabin
Published in Ships and Offshore Structures, 2022
S. B. Pranesh, D. Sathianarayanan, G. A. Ramadass, E. Chandrasekaran, M. Murugesan, Nitin Singh Rajput
Moreover, a pressure hull has been developed for full ocean depth made of maraging steel. The existing rules are used for design and development. The pressure hull quality depends on the hull material and its manufacturing process (Du and Cui 2016). Full ocean depth maraging steel pressure hull models are developed and experiments are conducted on the hyperbaric chamber. Numerical results are in closer agreement with experimental results (Zhang et al. 2019; Wang et al. 2019b). The stress concentration effects are studied for different shapes and these stress concentrations on the flange region can be reduced through the fillet radius method and biological growth method (Hsu et al. 2005; Pranesh et al. 2018). Proper design of acrylic viewports is required to ensure the safety of pressure hull. The material non-linearity and temperature effects are considered in the full ocean depth analysis of acrylic viewports. Acrylic is a viscoelastic material and it is largely affected by temperature, time strain etc. (Stachiw 2003, 2004; Wang 2019a).
Into the deep blue sea: A review of the safety of recreational diving in people with diabetes mellitus
Published in European Journal of Sport Science, 2020
Theocharis Koufakis, Spyridon N. Karras, Omar G. Mustafa, Dimos Karangelis, Pantelis Zebekakis, Kalliopi Kotsa
Edge, Grieve, Gibbons, O’Sullivan, and Bryson (1997) designed an open, controlled, crossover study to evaluate the ability of people with T1D to control their BG levels during diving. Eight individuals with T1D and eight age- and sex-matched normoglycemic controls were included. Participants with T1D had no diabetes complications, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1C) levels <75 mmol/mol (<9%) and had no history of hypoglycaemic episodes during the last year. Each diver performed one simulated dive to a depth of 375 kPa in a hyperbaric chamber and one control exercise at ambient pressure (randomised order). BG levels and other haematological parameters were estimated in both groups. There was no statistically significant difference in serum glucose measured in divers with T1D between the simulated dive (to 375 kPa) and serum glucose during the control exercise at the same time points. All participants with T1D experienced no symptoms and signs of hypoglycaemia. At the end of the trial, no participant with T1D had serum glucose concentrations less than 4 mmol/L (72 mg/dL).
An experimental and numerical study on inward integral buckle arrestors for pipe-in-pipe systems
Published in Ships and Offshore Structures, 2019
Shunfeng Gong, Xiaoge Ren, Chengbin Liu
The purpose of this experiment is to initiate a propagating buckle and observe the capability of the inward integral buckle arrestor to resist the buckle penetration in the PIP systems under external pressure. The experiments are performed in a hyperbaric chamber with an ultimate work pressure 50 MPa shown in Figure 1(a). The internal diameter and the length of the chamber are 0.2 and 1.75 m, respectively. A single-piston manual pump shown in Figure 1(b) is used to pressurise water into the chamber, the pressure of which will be constantly monitored by an electrical pressure transducer shown in Figure 1(c) and the digital pressure gage shown in Figure 1(b). The pumping rate is all along kept at a very slow velocity of about 1.0 MPa per minute to reduce the material rate effect.