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Toxicology
Published in Martin B., S.Z., of Industrial Hygiene, 2018
Conjugation reactions appear to have developed chiefly for the metabolism of foreign compounds. This is the reaction that is most successful in terms of detoxification. The typical endogenous compounds involved in conjugation are amino acids (such as glycine) and their derivatives. A few simpler endogenous chemical species (such as acetate and sulfate) are also occasionally involved in conjugation. The conjugation of glycine with benzoic acid to form hippuric acid, has been discussed.
Exposure to benzene and toluene of gasoline station workers in Khon Kaen, Thailand and adverse effects
Published in Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 2021
Sunisa Chaiklieng, Pornnapa Suggaravetsiri, Norbert Kaminski, Herman Autrup
The urine samples of the 192 workers were collected at the end of shift work. Passive smoking, and consumption of alcohol and foods containing sorbic acid were prohibited during the 24 hours before collection of the urine. Workers were instructed about the urine collection method before the urine was collected, and the urine samples were kept in a cool container at 4 °C and sent to the laboratory for analysis. Following a standard method, urine samples were extracted by solid phase extraction C18-LP 100 mg and eluted with 1% aqueous acetic acid. Urinary tt-MA and hippuric acid analyses were performed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with an ultraviolet (UV) detector operated at 264 nm under the following conditions: a mobile phase of aqueous acetic acid:methanol (82:18) and a reverse phase C18 column at 20 °C. Urinary tt-MA levels were expressed as microgram per gram creatinine (µg/g Cr). The limit of detection (LOD) for tt-MA was < 3 µg/g Cr and for hippuric acid was < 0.01 g/g Cr.