China 
Africa 
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Heavy Oil Recovery
Published in Chun Huh, Hugh Daigle, Valentina Prigiobbe, Maša Prodanović, Practical Nanotechnology for Petroleum Engineers, 2019
Chun Huh, Hugh Daigle, Valentina Prigiobbe, Maša Prodanović
One notable recent aquathermolysis study employing water-soluble catalysts is by Chen et al. (2009), who employed a kegging heteropoly acid salt, K3PMo12O40, as a catalyst. Due to their extremely strong acidity and oxidizing power, kegging heteropoly acids are well-known catalysts (Kozhevnikov 1998) and Chen et al. (2009) showed that the heteropoly acid catalyst helped to reduce the viscosity of heavy oil by 92% at 280°C of reaction temperature. Based on NMR and other characterization studies, they believe that the aquathermolysis reactions did not alter the structure of asphaltenes in heavy oil, but the structure of resins was significantly changed with the opening of rings of aromatic molecules in resins. The laboratory testing of water-soluble metallic salt (Fe3+) as an additive to improve in-situ combustion performance is also of note (He et al. 2005).
Synthesis, characterization, and photocatalytic performance of a ternary composite catalyst α-SiW11Cr/PANI/ZnO
Published in Journal of Coordination Chemistry, 2020
Cheng-Li Zhang, Rong-Hua Ma, Ming-Rui Yang, Rui Cao, Qi Wen
The IR spectrum of the composite material is shown in Figure 1. The eigenstate polyaniline shows vibration peaks at 1166, 1303, 1501, 1591, and 3414 cm−1. The composite material α-SiW11Cr/PANI/ZnO is the C = C absorption peak of the anthracene ring at 1575 cm−1 and the C = C absorption peak of the benzene ring at 1495 cm−1. The quinone ring CN stretching vibration and the CN absorption peak of the benzene ring appear at 1301 cm−1 and 1245 cm−1, respectively. The vibration peak of the anthracene ring appears at 1144 cm−1, and 3435 cm−1 is the vibration peak of OH; the latter is the characteristic peak of polyaniline after different degrees of low-frequency movement in the composite. At 503 cm−1, the absorption peak is characteristic of Zn-O. At 708, 800, and 917 cm−1, the characteristic peaks of heteropoly acid appears. Compared with the heteropoly salt, the absorption peak positions have different degrees of displacement, indicating that, after the formation of the complex, the chemical bonds in the heteropoly complex have different degrees of enhancement and attenuation due to the action of polyaniline zinc oxide but still retain the Keggin structure.
Study on synthesis of rare earth tungsten heteropoly acid glycine composite catalyst and degradation of dyes
Published in Journal of Coordination Chemistry, 2021
Hao Wang, Wan-Li Yang, Rong-Hua Ma, Yi-Min Tang, Cheng-Li Zhang
The characteristic diffraction peaks of the heteropoly acid appear at diffraction angles 2θ of 8.28°, 8.9°, 9.1°, 27.9° and 28.9°. Figure 1 shows the X-ray diffraction pattern analysis of LaW11Ce and (Gly)4-LaW11Ce. According to Figure 1, the XRD characteristic peaks of LaW11Ce are 8.64°, 9.58°, 13.02°, 16.42° and 29.98°, which deviate from those recorded in the literature, which may be due to the shift of the characteristic peaks after replacement of rare earth elements [15]. When the composite material is formed, the peak intensities at 8.64°, 9.58°, 13.02°, 16.42° and 29.98° are significantly reduced, indicating that the molecular structure of heteropoly acid and glycine has changed and new compounds have been formed.
Synthesis of a magnetic SiO2-HPW12O40@Fe3O4/EN-MIL-101(Cr) catalyst as core-shell nanoparticles and determination of losartan using modified glassy carbon electrode
Published in Journal of Coordination Chemistry, 2021
The use of heterogeneous catalysts as recyclable magnetic nanoparticles in organic reactions has been considered as a principle of green chemistry [14]. This catalytic system minimizes energy consumption and waste generation. Heteropolyacid and its derivatives are widely used in catalytic reactions and the preparation of organic molecules due to their high acidity. These compounds also have applications in medicine and are used as anti-cancer and anti-viral drugs [15–17].