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Pharmaceutical Applications of Okra Gum
Published in Amit Kumar Nayak, Md Saquib Hasnain, Dilipkumar Pal, Natural Polymers for Pharmaceutical Applications, 2019
Shanta Biswas, Sadia Sharmeen, Md Minhajul Islam, Mohammed Mizanur Rahman, Papia Haque, Abul K. Mallik
The applicability of okra gum in controlled drug release was investigated by Newton et al. (2015). Propranolol HCl delayed release matrix tablets were formulated using Okra gum. The main purpose was to develop a colon targeted drug delivery system to treat early morning sign in blood pressure. Details of this study have been added in section 8.4.1of this chapter. In another work, film coating efficacy of okra gum was investigated using acetaminophen as a drug (Ogaji and Nnoli). Film coating is a unit operation used to improve stability, mask unpleasant taste, and odor and modify release characteristics of the drug (Rhodes and Porter, 1998; Kwok et al., 2004). Polymeric solution or dispersion has been a popular candidate for film coating formulation. On that basis, okra gum, a natural polymer, was studied for its applicability as a film coating material. The physiochemical properties of Okra gum formulation did not differ substantially compared to popular film coating material such as hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC). The results led to the deduction that Okra gum can be used as a film-coating ingredient.
Chitosan–Magnesium Aluminum Silicate Nanocomposite Coatings
Published in Vikas Mittal, Polymer Nanocomposite Coatings, 2016
Film coatings in pharmaceutical dosage forms mainly consist of polymers that are applied to the surface of cores, such as tablets and pellets, in the form of solutions or dispersions. Droplets of the polymer solutions spread, coalesce, and adhere on the core surface. After the solvent evaporation in drying process, a uniform thin film polymers is formed (Mehta, 1997). The purposes of film coating of the tablets are protection of active pharmaceutical ingredients from environmental conditions, avoidance of local side effects in gastrointestinal (GI) tract, and controlled or sustained drug release in GI tract. Moreover, the coated films can enhance the mechanical strength of tablets during production, packaging, and transportation (Bauer et al., 1998).
Simultaneous wetting and drying: Fluid bed granulation and tablet film coating
Published in Drying Technology, 2021
Ian C. Kemp, Alex van Millingen, Houda Khaled, Lewis Iler, Murtazaali Mavani, Liang Li
Both fluid bed granulation and tablet film coating can give a trapezoidal design space with a sloping lower boundary. However, the controlling factors are different; a heat balance for fluid bed granulation, and surface drying kinetics for tablet coating. A smaller orthogonal operating space, with fixed ranges for individual operating parameters, may be used for operational convenience. The fluid bed granulation process is tightly constrained, with three critical process parameters plus inlet air humidity and a constraint on the Qair/msol value; the design space is most conveniently represented by consolidating the three inlet air parameters into one. In contrast, tablet film coating processes can normally operate over a wide range of temperatures and spray rates.
Plant gums for sustainable and eco-friendly synthesis of nanoparticles: recent advances
Published in Inorganic and Nano-Metal Chemistry, 2020
There are huge number of researches and applications of green plant gums in pharmaceutical, cosmetic and food formulations and industries (Figure 1). Gums are composed of adhesive polysaccharides which can be used as binder in wet granulation and compaction processes of tablet formulation.[22,23] Modified guar gum dissolved in proper combination of isopropyl alcohol and water has been used for tablet coating to achieve optimum film clarity and tensile strength.[24] Gellan[25] and gellan/alginate[26] also have been successfully used for tablet film coating. Other plant gums can be used as appropriate tablet coating substances, as well.[27–30] Gum arabic can be applied as an osmotic, suspending and expanding agent in naproxen monolithic osmotic tablet system with two orifices in both side surfaces.[31] Schiermeier and Schmidt[32] used 26% galactomannan and 5% crospovidone as disintegrators, for fast dissolving ibuprofen tablet formulation which dispersed in water within 40 seconds. Different gums such as xanthan gum, acacia gum, guar gum, carrageenan and galactomannan have been also used for preparation of orally soluble films and fast dissolving tablets.[33] The disintegrant properties of gums and mucilages are to their capability to absorb water and swell.[21]
Modeling, experimental trials, and design space determination for the GEA ConsiGma™ coater
Published in Drying Technology, 2019
Ian C. Kemp, Lewis Iler, Michael Waldron, Neil Turnbull
Models for tablet film coating need to consider multiple mechanisms at both macroscopic and mesoscopic/microscopic scales.[3] The model described below has four main aspects:Mass balance—relates spray rate, suspension concentration, and solids throughput.Heat balance—relates air flow rate, inlet and exhaust temperatures, and spray rate.Drying kinetics—calculates heat transfer and evaporation rates at the tablet surface.Spray effects—relates spray rate, spray area, coating film thickness, and coating time.