China 
Africa 
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Dust Explosion
Published in Ko Higashitani, Hisao Makino, Shuji Matsusaka, Powder Technology Handbook, 2019
Reaction forces from dust explosion venting can significantly increase both the material damage and the extent of the explosion. Process equipment which can tilt ducts can become torn off, and secondary explosive clouds can be formed and ignited. Whenever a dust explosion vent is installed, it is therefore important to make an assessment of whether the equipment to be vented is able to withstand the reaction forces from explosion venting. The reaction force and its duration can be calculated by:19Fr=1200APredtF=0.01KstV1/3APred
Transformer Protection
Published in Ramesh Bansal, Power System Protection in Smart Grid Environment, 2019
Major faults cause large amounts of gas to be generated within the transformer tank leading to high pressure increases. The high pressure might reach dangerous levels that may damage the transformer. In order to protect the transformer, the high pressures are relieved by a pressure relief value or explosion vent located at the top of the transformer tank. The operation of one type of pressure relief value is illustrated in Figure 10.29.
Bucket Elevators and Bucket Carrierss
Published in Muhammad E. Fayed, Thomas S. Skocir, Mechanical Conveyors, 2018
Muhammad E. Fayed, Thomas S. Skocir
If a material poses an explosion hazard, several measures can be taken to prevent and control dust explosions. These measures include inert gas blanketing, removal of all potential ignition sources, and the installation of explosion vent panels and suppression systems.
Study on the Evolutionary Behavior of Methane Lean/Enriched Combustion Explosion Flame in Sliding Porous Material
Published in Combustion Science and Technology, 2023
Shilin Lei, Yulong Duan, Ziyang Wen, Jun Long, Hailin Jia
The pressure curves under two combustion states exhibit varying degrees of oscillation, and the overpressure oscillation degree of the upstream is greater than that of the downstream. This is because the shock wave generated by the explosion is coupled with the porous medium and spring coefficient in the upstream region, resulting in continuous reflection and refraction, thereby forming a reciprocating oscillation of the pressure curve. Due to the installation of an explosion vent downstream the tube, some shock waves are discharged from the vent, and the reciprocating oscillation of the pressure curve is weakened. This has important guiding significance for improving the explosion-proof and suppression performance of sliding porous materials and avoiding secondary explosion disasters.
Effect of Porous Materials on Explosion Venting Overpressure and Flame of CH4/air Premixed Gas
Published in Combustion Science and Technology, 2023
Chunji Zhuang, Zhirong Wang, Yanqiong Zhang, Yawei Lu, Kai Zhang, Qin Jiang, Hui Huang, Zhan Dou
In explosion vent design, Pburst significantly affects the pressure–time history and flame propagation (Rui et al. 2021). Figure 6 shows the burst trend during the explosion venting test of the porous materials. Compared with the static activation pressure where Pburst > Pstat, which is consistent with the findings of Fakandu, Andrews, and Phylaktou (2015). This phenomenon occurred because the burst membrane was stronger under dynamic short pressure pulse loading than under slow static pressure loading, as detailed in NFPA 68 (2018) A 6.3.2. Simultaneously, as the thickness of the porous material increased, the corresponding overpressure of the ruptured burst membrane increased. The Pburst of porous material Al2O3 50 PPI was the highest, which indicates that the properties and microstructure of the porous material Al2O3 50 PPI promoted the combustion and explosion significantly. The internal explosion pressure can be increased during the explosion venting of a spherical vessel with a neck. When the burst membrane ruptured, the spherical flame approaching the neck generated an intense combustion, and the combustion process was accelerated by the disturbed flame, resulting in an increase in the internal pressure (Molkov, Makarov, Puttock 2006).
Effects of Flame Arrester Core with Different Thicknesses on Hydrogen/Methane/Air Explosion with Low Hydrogen Ratio
Published in Combustion Science and Technology, 2023
Yulong Duan, Zehuan Li, Ziyang Wen, Shilin Lei, Lulu Zheng, Wei Huang, Hailin Jia
The detail of the experimental system is shown in Figure 1. The size of the explosion pipeline is 1000 × 100 × 100 mm3, with a maximum pressure resistance of 2 MPa, and with two pressure sensors and an explosion vent on it. The premixed gas distribution system is transported through a gas flow meter with a range of 0–5 L/min. Flame images are collected by a Phantom V710L high-speed camera connected to a computer, with a maximum sampling frequency of 7400 fps and a maximum resolution of 1280 × 800 pixels. The pressure sensor collects pressure with a range of −0.1–0.1 MPa.