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Extraction, Isolation and Utilisation of Bioactive Compounds from Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Waste
Published in Quan V. Vuong, Utilisation of Bioactive Compounds from Agricultural and Food Waste, 2017
Narashans Alok Sagar, Sunil Sharma, Sunil Pareek
The ethanolic rind extract obtained from rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum) showed anti-hyper glycemic properties. The major bioactive compound found in the rind was geraniin which possessed high antioxidant activity. The analysis of geraniin was done by HPLC-LCMS/MS and NMR (Palanisamy et al. 2011). Geraniin, an ellagitannin, could be obtained through the crude ethanolic extract of rind of rambutan using reverse-phase C18 column chromatography, but only 21 per cent yield of geraniin could be obtained. The prominent impurities, like corilagin and elaeocarpus, were primarily identified by LC-MS and these were reported to possess similar bioactive properties as geraniin (Perera et al. 2012).
Pedunculagin isolated from Plinia cauliflora seeds exhibits genotoxic, antigenotoxic and cytotoxic effects in bacteria and human lymphocytes
Published in Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A, 2022
Amanda Silva Fernandes, Jefferson Hollanda Véras, Luana Santos Silva, Sara Cristina Puga, Elisa Flávia Luiz Cardoso Bailão, Matheus Gabriel de Oliveira, Clever Gomes Cardoso, Cristiene Costa Carneiro, Suzana Da Costa Santos, Lee Chen-Chen
Pedunculagin (PD) is an ellagitannin widely present in plants such as Melaleuca styphelioides Sm., Alnus hirsuta var. microphylla, and Plinia cauliflora (Mart.) Kausel (Aguillar-Zaraze et al. 2018). This ellagitannin is reported to possesses several pharmaceutical properties including antitumor, antioxidant, gastroprotective, hepatoprotective, and anti-inflammatory (Al-Sayed and Esmat 2016; Chang et al. 1995). Further, previously Silva et al. (2016) noted that PD protected mice DNA against cyclophosphamide-induced genotoxicity and initiated DNA repair. Despite beneficial properties of this plant constituent, the effects of this compound alone on DNA have not apparently been investigated. Although several investigators demonstrated the protective activities of ellagitannins (Gontijo et al. 2018; Ismail et al. 2016), some phenols might produce oxidative stress and DNA damage. Tannins such as chebulinic acid and tellimagrandin I exhibited pro-oxidant activity in vitro, which induced DNA damage and led to genotoxic effects (Yi et al. 2009). Thus, it is also necessary to investigate the possible harmful effects of PD on DNA.
Valorization of selected fruit and vegetable wastes as bioactive compounds: Opportunities and challenges
Published in Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 2020
Nerea Jiménez-Moreno, Irene Esparza, Fernando Bimbela, Luis M. Gandía, Carmen Ancín-Azpilicueta
Pomegranate peel (PP) is characterized by the presence of high-molecular-mass polyphenols, ellagitannins, proanthocyanidins, complex polysaccharides, flavonoids, and noticeable quantities of microelements which have important anti-mutagenic, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and apoptotic properties (Dikmen, Ozturk, & Ozturk, 2011; Prakash, Mathur, Vishwakarma, Vuppu, & Mishra, 2013; Tezcan, Gültekin-Özgüven, Diken, Özçelik, & Erim, 2009). Pomegranate peel is particularly rich in ellagitannins, especially punicalagin, punicalin and pedunculagin, and ellagic acid (Figure 6). Punicalagin is the most abundant in this fruit, being responsible to a great extent for its biological properties (Bustamante, Hinojosa, Robert, & Escalona, 2017; Kazemi, Karim, Mirhosseini, & Abdul Hamid, 2016). This compound is responsible for more than 50% of the pomegranate juice’s potent antioxidant activity (Adams et al., 2006).
Exercise-induced muscle damage: What is it, what causes it and what are the nutritional solutions?
Published in European Journal of Sport Science, 2019
Daniel J. Owens, Craig Twist, James N. Cobley, Glyn Howatson, Graeme L. Close
Pomegranate and its extracts are a polyphenol-rich fruit that principally contain ellagitannins (Medjakovic & Jungbauer, 2013). To our knowledge only two studies, from the same laboratory have examined the application of pomegranate on EIMD (Trombold, Barnes, Critchley, & Coyle, 2010; Trombold, Reinfeld, Casler, & Coyle, 2011). The first of these studies used elbow flexion eccentric contractions to induce damage in recreationally active males. In a placebo controlled trial, the authors showed that the consumption of a pomegranate extract, in the days before and after the damaging exercise bout, improved recovery of muscle function; however, no other index of damage or inflammation was different between groups. The second study damaged both the elbow flexors and the knee extensors in resistance-trained males. In support of their initial work, an accelerated recovery elbow flexor function, that was accompanied by less muscle soreness in the pomegranate group. Finally, both studies used a cross-over design which has previously been highlighted as a potential limitation owing to the contralateral RBE. Notwithstanding, the positive results with pomegranate suggest it could be an effective intervention for recreational and well-trained individuals to promote recovery from EIMD.