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Atmosphere
Published in Wayne T. Davis, Joshua S. Fu, Thad Godish, Air Quality, 2021
Wayne T. Davis, Joshua S. Fu, Thad Godish
Nitrogen reacts with O2 to produce nitrogen oxides (NOx), which include N2O, NO, NO2, gas-phase nitric acid (HNO3), and short-lived substances such as dinitrogen pentoxide (N2O5) and nitrate radical (NO3). Concentrations of these compounds or substances, unlike their precursors (N2 and O2), vary significantly in time and space. Nitrous oxide (N2O), a relatively inert gas commonly referred to as “laughing gas,” was, until several decades ago, thought to be present in the atmosphere at constant levels. It is one of a number of substances whose concentrations are increasing as a result of human activities.
Synthesis of Low Nitrogen Cetane Improvers from the Nitration of Renewable Feedstocks
Published in Chunshan Song, Chang S. Hsu, Isao Mochida, Chemistry of Diesel Fuels, 2020
Mark H. Mason, Christopher Yan, Zhi Chen, Rajan Aggarwal, Joseph A. Heppert, Galen J. Suppes
Dinitrogen pentoxide has been known for decades, yet is only recently finding broad application as a nitrating agent.(13,14) Although N2O5 is both temperature and moisture sensitive, it is among the most active and powerful of nitrating agents. It rapidly nitrates alkenes, alcohols, oxetanes, amines, and even alkanes. Dinitrogen pentoxide can effect nitrations through radical, ionic, and molecular mechanisms.(13)
Forecasting air quality time series using deep learning
Published in Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, 2018
Brian S. Freeman, Graham Taylor, Bahram Gharabaghi, Jesse Thé
The NO3 radicals react with NO2 to form dinitrogen pentoxide (N2O5), which in turn forms nitric acid (HNO3) through hydrolysis with water or aqueous particles (Song et al. 2011; Thornton et al. 2010). The acid is finally neutralized by ammonia (NH3) to complete the reaction chain (Brown and Stutz 2012).