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Importance of 2D Nanomaterials for Energy
Published in Ram K. Gupta, Energy Applications of 2D Nanomaterials, 2022
Sami Ullah, Faheem K. Butt, Junaid Ahmad
More fascinatingly, the synergistic action of many components may result in some new desirable functionalities or features. Both cobalt and cobalt oxide nanosheets have been shown to have moderate electrocatalytic activities, however, their composite produced outstanding activity for CO2 reduction. Considering this, one of the most interesting future research approaches is to produce nanocomposites or distinct heterostructures employing atomically thick 2D NMs as building blocks, thereby improving their characteristics as well as capabilities. Third, material preparation research is always conducted before the prospective uses of the materials are investigated. Even though a variety of atomically thick 2D NMs have been developed in recent years, the majority of their potential uses have yet to be investigated. Even though MoS2 research dates back decades, its excellent Hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity was only discovered around 10 years ago. Given that these freshly produced atomically thick 2D NMs may have exceptional performance in some unknown applications, identifying the best appropriate use for each atomically thick 2D NMs is another intriguing future direction.
Cobalt Toxicity and Human Health
Published in Debasis Bagchi, Manashi Bagchi, Metal Toxicology Handbook, 2020
Md. Hafiz Uddin, Marufa Rumman
Humans can be exposed to cobalt by inhalation, ingestion, and through dermal contact with cobalt-containing materials. The occupational exposure to cobalt mostly occurs via inhalation usually in cobalt-processing plants, hard-metal industry, diamond polishing, and ceramic industry as part of the refining, welding, grinding, alloy production, and via the use of cobalt blue dyes [3,4,6]. In addition, exposure to cobalt radio-isotopes can occur to the workers of the nuclear industry particularly to 60Co, a neutron activation product. Dermal exposure to stable cobalt can happen to workers exposed to specific occupational conditions, and dermal absorption of radio-cobalt is the major risk for workers in the nuclear industry [6,7]. Environmental exposure to cobalt oxide particles is associated with inhalation of particulate matter circulating in the air due to the combustion of cobalt sources, which generate primarily cobalt oxides [7]. Cobalt exposure is increasing due to the rising cobalt demand worldwide for its use in enhancing rechargeable battery efficiency, super-alloys, magnetic products, and nanoparticles. As the manufacturing industries are increasingly using cobalt, the potential exposure to both industrial workers and the general population is also increasing [8].
Advanced Graphene-Transition Metal-Oxide-Based Nanocomposite Photocatalysts for Efficient Degradation of Pollutants Present in Wastewater
Published in Vijay B. Pawade, Paresh H. Salame, Bharat A. Bhanvase, Multifunctional Nanostructured Metal Oxides for Energy Harvesting and Storage Devices, 2020
Cobalt oxide (CoO or Co3O4) also serves as a potential photocatalyst and has been applied by few researchers for the photocatalytic degradation of various organic pollutants. Attempts have also been made to enhance the photocatalytic activity of CoO by making its composite with other transition metal oxides and anchoring them on a graphene surface. Sharma and Lee (2016) have reported synthesis of CoO loaded on TiO2 nanoparticles and supported on rGO (TiO2/CoO/rGO) using the sol-gel method. Further, its photocatalytic performance was evaluated by investigating the degradation efficiency of 2 chlorophenol (2-CP). It was reported that as-prepared nanocomposite (TiO2/rGO/CoO) exhibits the highest degradation efficiency (98.2%) as compared to bare TiO2 using visible light as a source of irradiation and follows pseudo first-order kinetics. The higher rate of photocatalytic degradation of 2-CP may be due to the enhanced charge transportation and generation of high quantum of hydroxyl radicals, which may further break the ring structure of 2-CP and convert it into carbon dioxide and water (Yang et al., 2014).
Cytotoxic effect of cobalt oxide–graphene oxide nanocomposites on melanoma cell line
Published in Journal of Experimental Nanoscience, 2022
Anju Mishra, Anu Singh, Hemant R. Kushwaha, Amodini Mishra
Co3O4/GO nanocomposites were synthesised using simple co-precipitation method, characterised and used for anti-cancer activity studies in mice melanoma cell line. Cobalt oxide nanoparticles have been reported for good anti-cancerous activity but it has high cell toxicity also, which limits its direct application in health care. While GO is reported for its mild anti-cancer activity but good biocompatibility. Addition of GO offer biocompatibility and lesser the toxicity of cobalt oxide nanoparticles while maintaining its anti-cancerous activity. Here, synergistic effect of GO and Co3O4 generate anti-cancerous activities by producing ROS which results in increased oxidative stress, damaging mitochondria, damaging DNA and finally death of cancer cell. This is the first study of using Co3O4/GO nanocomposite as anti-cancerous agents where results suggested that the nanocomposite shows significant cytotoxic effect and can be used as an alternative source for tumour or cancer treatment. However, the detailed molecular mechanism underlying cytotoxic effect of Co3O4/GO nanocomposites needs to be studied. This study can play an important role for its applications as cancer treatment and medicals etc.
Graphene oxide functionalized with cobalt ferrites applied to the removal of bisphenol A: ionic study, reuse capacity and desorption kinetics
Published in Environmental Technology, 2022
Yasmin Jaqueline Fachina, Murilo Barbosa de Andrade, Ana Carolina Sestito Guerra, Tássia Rhuna Tonial dos Santos, Rosângela Bergamasco, Angélica Marquetotti Salcedo Vieira
The combination of GO with other nanomaterials, such as metal oxides, can result in several nanocomposites with immense applications [25]. Iron oxide nanoparticles are considered a great form of GO functionalization due to its excellent ability to interact with external magnetic fields, which facilitates the separation of the adsorbent material from the treated solution after the process [26]. In addition, improves the contact area between adsorbates and adsorbents and allows the recycling of adsorbent material [27]. Cobalt oxide nanoparticles have gained a lot of attention due to their wide application areas such as in photocatalysis, supercapacitors and magnetic materials [28]. Recently, it has also been incorporated in the synthesis of new adsorbents to remove contaminants from the aquatic environment [29, 30].
The effect of oleic acid concentration on the optical, structural, and magnetic properties of cobalt oxide nanostructures prepared by ultrasound-assisted method
Published in Inorganic and Nano-Metal Chemistry, 2018
Yashar Azizian-Kalandaragh, Roya Shokrani-Havigh
Nanomaterials with the size of 1–100 nm have attracted a lot of attention in recent years due to the new physical properties and potential applications in advanced technologies.[1,2] Cobalt oxide is an important material that finds applications in various fields such as heterogeneous catalysts,[3] electrochromic devices,[4] gas sensors,[5] magnetic materials,[6] rechargeable batteries,[7] solar selective absorber,[8,9] energy storage,[10] electrochemical devices, etc. Also cobalt oxide nanostructures have been proved to exhibit capacitance in negative potentials and can also serve as suitable positive electrodes in devices.[11]