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Fluid Mechanics
Published in P.K. Jayasree, K Balan, V Rani, Practical Civil Engineering, 2021
P.K. Jayasree, K Balan, V Rani
Archimedes’ principle states that the buoyant force on a fluid is equal to the weight of the displaced fluid. To calculate the buoyant force, we use the equation buoyant force = density of fluid × volume of displaced fluid × acceleration due to gravity. In a completely submerged object, the volume of displaced fluid equals the volume of the object. If the object is floating, the volume of the displaced fluid is less than the volume of the object but the buoyant force = the weight of the object.
Design items
Published in Lonnie Pack, Australian Guidebook for Structural Engineers, 2017
If the tank is embedded in the ground and there is a possibility of a high water table, buoyancy may be a design consideration. For stability of the structure, the mass of the tank should be enough to prevent it from lifting out of the ground when empty. Archimedes’ principle defines the upward buoyant force as equal to the weight of the fluid displaced (i.e. volume × 10 kN/m3; refer to Figure 6.42).
Fluid Statics
Published in Ahlam I. Shalaby, Fluid Mechanics for Civil and Environmental Engineers, 2018
The role of the hydrostatic force in the buoyancy and stability of a floating or a neutrally buoyant body is important in the design of balloons, ships, boats, submarines, and other floating or neutrally buoyant bodies, and is based on the application of the principles of hydrostatics. The determination of the hydrostatic forces acting on a submerged surface (based on the principles of hydrostatics) was presented in Section 2.4. The magnitude of the hydrostatic force, F can be very large when the fluid is a liquid. The point of application (location) of the hydrostatic force on a submerged area is important when working with the moment resulting from this force. The hydrostatic pressure forces acting on the surfaces of a submerged body determine whether an anchored body will collapse or be upheld (see Section 2.4), while those acting on the surfaces of a floating or a neutrally buoyant body determine whether the body will sink or float (presented in Section 2.5, herein). Furthermore, the ability of a floating or a neutrally buoyant body to return to its equilibrium position when the body is slightly disturbed depends on the pressure forces that act in addition to characteristics of the body involved. As such, the subject of buoyancy and flotation deals with the determination of the hydrostatic pressure forces acting on submerged bodies so that a stability analysis can be made. The Archimedes principle provides the basis for the determination of the buoyant force. Furthermore, the vertical alignment of the line of action of the buoyant force and the line of action of the weight of the body (i.e., zero moment) provides the basis for determining the stability (stable equilibrium) of a floating or a neutrally buoyant body.
Passive Reactivity Control Device with Thermal Expansion of Liquid In-Gd Alloy
Published in Nuclear Technology, 2021
Rei Kimura, Shohei Kanamura, Yuya Takahashi, Kazuhito Asano
The Archimedes’ principle was applied for the measurement of the temperature-dependent density of indium and the In-Gd alloy.11 According to the Archimedes’ principle, a body immersed in a liquid receives the upward buoyant force. This force is equal to the weight of the displaced liquid by the sinker, therefore, when the volume of the sinker and the buoyancy are known, the density of the liquid can be calculated. Here, Eq. (1) uses this buoyancy to calculate the liquid sample density: