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Organic Chemistry
Published in Steven L. Hoenig, Basic Chemical Concepts and Tables, 2019
An addition polymer is a polymer formed when monomer units are linked through addition reactions; all atoms present in the monomer are retained in the polymer.less reactive than their monomers, because the unsaturated alkene monomers have been transformed into saturated carbon skeletons of alkanes;forces of attraction are largely van der Waals attractions, which are individually weak, allowing the polymer chains to slide along each other, rendering them flexible and stretchable.
Monomers, Polymers, and Plastics
Published in James G. Speight, Handbook of Petrochemical Processes, 2019
Polymers are classified by the characteristics of the reactions by which they are formed. If all atoms in the monomers are incorporated into the polymer, the polymer is called an addition polymer (Table 11.4). If some of the atoms of the monomers are released into small molecules, such as water, the polymer is called a condensation polymer. Most addition polymers are made from monomers containing a double bond between carbon atoms and are typical of polymers formed from olefin derivatives (olefin derivatives), and most commercial addition polymers are polyolefin derivatives. Condensation polymers are made from monomers that have two different groups of atoms which can join together to form, for example, ester or amide links. Polyesters are an important class of commercial polymers, as are polyamides (nylon).
Organic Chemistry Nomenclature
Published in Arthur W. Hounslow, Water Quality Data, 2018
Addition Polymers — All addition polymer units are alkenes. Addition polymers are formed by the addition of one polymer unit to another. The final structure incorporates all the atoms of the original structure. The characteristic reaction of alkenes is addition to the double bond, e.g., hydrogen, water, and halogens. If alkene molecules add to the double bonds of each other, an addition polymer is formed, thus (ethylene) nH2C=CH2 ➛ (polyethylene) —(—CH2—CH2—)—n where n may be 1000.
Revisiting the Early History of Synthetic Polymers: Critiques and New Insights
Published in Ambix, 2018
All of the synthetic polymers hitherto well treated in the early period of macromolecules (such as polystyrene, polyisoprene, and poly(vinyl chloride)) are examples of materials now known as “addition” polymers, one of two general polymer class designations introduced by the DuPont chemist Wallace Carothers (1896–1937) in 1929.82 Polymers in this class are produced by various forms of addition polymerisation,83 in which monomers are converted to the corresponding polymer without the generation of a secondary by-product. Mechanistically, the majority of addition polymers are generated via “chain-growth” polymerisation, in which the polymer chain grows by the addition of sequential monomers to the active end of the polymer chain.