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Abrasive Water Jet Machining (AWJM)
Published in V. K. Jain, Advanced Machining Science, 2023
The purpose of the thermally assisted AWJM method is to heat the surface of workpieces that are difficult to cut to reduce their hardness. Thus, hard surfaces are transformed into workpieces that can be cut more easily by deformation. The heat required during machining is supplied by oxy-acetylene welding equipment connected to the abrasive water jet, using acetylene as the main fuel. Acetylene is a hydro carbonaceous gas that is used as a fuel for welding applications in many industrial areas. A simple schematic representation of the method is given in Figure 2.5.
Applied Chemistry and Physics
Published in Robert A. Burke, Applied Chemistry and Physics, 2020
If it is immiscible, then it is insoluble in water. Acetylene gas is produced when calcium carbide, a salt, is mixed with water. Acetylene gas is very flammable and unstable. When placed in a container, acetylene gas is dissolved in acetone to stabilize it. Characteristics of the acetylene and acetone do not change. They do not bond together or their chemical characteristics do not change, and they are merely occupying the same space without interacting chemically. Many inorganic acids are made when a gas is dissolved in water to form the liquid acid. Anhydrous ammonia is very soluble in water. The term “anhydrous” means “without water.”
Fire Hazards of Materials and Their Control
Published in Peter M. Bochnak, Fire Loss Control, 2020
Acetylene is widely used as a raw material in the chemical industry in acetylenic chemistry and also in welding and cutting. Chemically pure acetylene is colorless and odorless, with an ignition temperature of 571°F (299°C), a wide flammable range of 2.5% to 81%, and a vapor density of 0.9. Decomposition of acetylene occurs at 15 psi without the presence of air, evolving hydrogen and carbon with explosive force if ignited. As a consequence, acetylene generators are operated at below this figure. The sensitivity of acetylene to explosion is resolved in cylinders by dissolving compressed acetylene in acetone with a special porous filler.
Performance, combustion and emission analysis of internal combustion engines fuelled with acetylene – a review
Published in International Journal of Ambient Energy, 2022
Sumit Sharma, Dilip Sharma, Shyam Lal Soni, Digambar Singh, Amit Jhalani
The chemical symbol of acetylene is C2H2. Acetylene is a hydrocarbon consisting of two hydrogen atoms and two carbon atoms. It has been already discussed that acetylene is a highly combustible and colourless gas with a strong odour. It becomes highly explosive, if it is compressed, heated or mixed with air. Acetylene is produced by a simple chemical process of calcium carbide and water. It requires simple equipments and the reaction is spontaneous. Now a day, acetylene generator is mainly used for the production of acetylene. Acetylene is an unstable and gaseous hydrocarbon, which is highly combustible. It also produces high flame temperatures ranging from 3000°C to 5400°C when combined with oxygen. Acetylene has been commonly utilised for lighting in mine areas by street vendors, besides which industrial uses of acetylene are many out of which it is used as a fuel for motors or lighting sources. Recently acetylene has been utilised as a fuel in the acetylene torches for welding or welding related applications. The easy economical availability and effective fuel which has better calorific value and effective flame speeds, motivated to study and experimentation on acetylene fuelled engines (Basha and Rao 2016).
Experimental investigation on spark-ignition (SI) engine fuelled with acetylene in dual-fuel mode
Published in International Journal of Ambient Energy, 2022
Sumit Sharma, Dilip Sharma, Shyam Lal Soni, Digambar Singh
Acetylene gas has good combustion properties similar to the hydrogen. Due to the wide flammability limit and higher flame speed, the engine can be run with a very lean mixture of air and acetylene (Srivastava et al. 2017; Sharma et al. 2019). As shown in Table 1, the properties of acetylene are comparable to other existing gaseous as well as liquid fuels. Presently, acetylene is mainly being used for welding and gas cutting purpose and is produced by the hydrolysis of calcium carbide. Considering its properties it was decided to investigate the performance, emission, and combustion characteristics of acetylene-fuelled SI engine at 10 compression ratio (CR), spark timing 20°bTDC, and 1400 rpm with various flow rates (50, 100, 150 and 200 LPH) of acetylene.
Preparation of CaO-rich briquette from powdered semi-cokes by cold-pressing
Published in Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 2019
Meng-Meng Yin, Wei-Wei Shi, Bin Tian, Yuan-Yu Tian, Ying-Yun Qiao
Acetylene can be used for burning, metal welding, and cutting. Besides, it is a raw material for the production of acetylene, acetic acid, benzene, synthetic rubber, synthetic fiber, and other important chemical materials. We produce C2H2 mainly from the method of calcium carbide and this process has some disadvantage such as low efficiency, high energy consumption, and pollution.