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Musculoskeletal system
Published in A Stewart Whitley, Jan Dodgeon, Angela Meadows, Jane Cullingworth, Ken Holmes, Marcus Jackson, Graham Hoadley, Randeep Kumar Kulshrestha, Clark’s Procedures in Diagnostic Imaging: A System-Based Approach, 2020
A Stewart Whitley, Jan Dodgeon, Angela Meadows, Jane Cullingworth, Ken Holmes, Marcus Jackson, Graham Hoadley, Randeep Kumar Kulshrestha
Intra-articular and peri-articular pain can be caused by myriad of conditions. Some are generic and can affect any joint, such as inflammatory arthritis. Some are specific to the processes within a particular joint or region, for example: Shoulder; pain commonly caused by the process of impingement – injection to the subacromial bursa.Elbow; pain commonly caused by ‘tennis’ or ‘golfer’s’ elbow – injection into the common extensor or flexor origins respectively.Wrist; pain commonly caused by de Quervain’s tenosynovitis – injection into the tendon sheath of the first extensor tendon.Hip; pain commonly caused by trochanteric bursitis – injection into the region of the trochanteric bursa.
Work-Related Ill Health
Published in Céline McKeown, Office Ergonomics and Human Factors, 2018
If the movement of the tendon within the sheath is restricted, the condition is referred to as stenosing tenosynovitis. The sufferer may be aware of a clicking or pulling sensation when trying to extend the fingers or thumb. This condition is often associated with overuse of the wrist during work activities. De Quervain’s tenosynovitis involves the abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis tendons, which form the ‘anatomical snuffbox’, or small indent, clearly visible at the base of the thumb. Prolonged or repeated effort and unaccustomed work have been associated with the development of this condition, particularly when forceful gripping is combined with deviation of the wrist. Heavy reliance on the use of the thumb when completing an activity is also highlighted as precipitating the onset of this disorder, more so if the gripping action requires the thumb to be moved away from the main body of the hand, such as when spanning a large object with the fingers and thumb or using a tool like scissors. If the tendons of the finger flexors are compromised through overuse, the individual will be diagnosed as suffering from trigger finger. The finger flexors are responsible for closing the fingers to bring the fingertips in contact with the palm. If the tendon sheath becomes swollen, the tendon will not be able to move smoothly and will only be able to make jerky movements. This condition is often associated with overuse of the fingers and with repetitive or extended gripping of an object with a hard or sharp edge.
Work-Related III Health
Published in Céline McKeown, Office Ergonomics, 2007
If the movement of the tendon within the sheath is restricted, the condition is referred to as stenosing tenosynovitis. The sufferer may be aware of a clicking or pulling sensation when trying to extend the fingers or thumb. This condition is often associated with overuse of the wrist during work activities (Moore 1997). De Quervain’s tenosynovitis involves the abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis tendons, which form the “anatomical snuffbox” or small indent clearly visible at the base of the thumb. Prolonged or repeated effort and unaccustomed work have been associated with the development of this condition, particularly when forceful gripping is combined with deviation of the wrist. Heavy reliance on the use of the thumb when completing an activity is also highlighted as precipitating the onset of this disorder, more so if the gripping action requires the thumb to be moved away from the main body of the hand, such as when spanning a large object with the fingers and thumb or using a tool like scissors. If the tendons of the finger flexors are compromised through overuse, the individual will be diagnosed as suffering from trigger finger. The finger flexors are responsible for closing the fingers to bring the fingertips in contact with the palm. If the tendon sheath becomes swollen, the tendon will not be able to move smoothly and will only be able to make jerky movements. This condition is often associated with overuse of the fingers and with repetitive or extended gripping of an object with a hard or sharp edge.
Dynamic modeling and neural network compensation for rotating Euler-Bernoulli beam using a novel deformation description method
Published in Mechanics Based Design of Structures and Machines, 2023
Dongyang Shang, Xiaopeng Li, Meng Yin, Fanjie Li
To further verify the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy, a physical prototype control experiment of the rotating Euler-Bernoulli beam is carried out. The physical prototype control platform is shown in Fig. 11. The Euler-Bernoulli beam in the physical prototype control platform is driven by a tendon-sheath mechanism. Among them, the tendon-sheath mechanism is driven by a servo motor. The rotation angle signal is measured by a magnetic encoder mounted under the Euler-Bernoulli beam. The measured rotation angle signal enters the control program through the NI-9401module in the NI controller. The error can be obtained according to the measured rotation angle signal and the desired rotation angle signal. Input the error into the control program to generate the pulse width modulation (PWM) signal corresponding to the driving torque. The PWM signal is sent to the motor by the NI-9264 module in the NI controller to control the servo motor. An acceleration signal sensor is installed at the flexible beam end. The control principle of the experimental platform is shown in Fig. 12.
Decellularized inner body membranes for tissue engineering: A review
Published in Journal of Biomaterials Science, Polymer Edition, 2020
Ilyas Inci, Araz Norouz Dizaji, Ceren Ozel, Ugur Morali, Fatma Dogan Guzel, Huseyin Avci
In a study, Megerle et al. decellularized porcine pericardium with SDS to prepare tendon sheath scaffold. Spectrophotometric analysis showed the level of remnant DNA was in minimum in decellularized tissue. In addition, H&E staining showed that the decellularized tissue was empty from the cells and SEM images supported these results as well. Moreover, quantification of collagen and GAGs was determined using proteinase K and 1, 9-dimethylmethylene blue assay, respectively. According to the results, there were no significant decrease in GAGs and collagen amounts of decellularized tissue compared to native tissue. Furthermore, decellularized pericardium was seeded with synoviocytes and AT-MSCs. The viability of seeded cells on decellularized tissue was determined using MTS assay and it was revealed that cell viability was in high levels. Moreover, high expression of hyaluronic acid (the major component of the synovial fluid) of seeded cells suggests that SDS-treated decellularized porcine pericardium is available for using as a tendon scaffold [127].
Pediatric and adolescent injury in rock climbing
Published in Research in Sports Medicine, 2018
Volker Schöffl, Christoph Lutter, Kaikanani Woollings, Isabelle Schöffl
When investigating the onset of injury one faces the difficulty of differentiating between acute and chronic onset of injury, which is sometimes impossible. A tenosynovitis can very well have an acute onset as a consequence of a pulley rupture for example but may also stem from repetitive overuse leading to chronic inflammation of the tendon sheath (V. R. Schöffl & Schöffl, 2007). Schöffl et al. (2015) found in 911 injured climbers overstrain (slow injury onset) in 26 patients (69.2%) and acute injuries in 30.8%. Woollings, McKay, Kang, et al. (2015) found that of self-reported injuries incurred during both bouldering and sport climbing, repetitive overuse had the highest incidence rate of injury at 1.13 injuries per 1000 athlete-exposure hours (95% CI 0.79 to 1.56), while falls accounted for 0.88 injuries per 1000 hours (95% CI 0.58 to 1.27), and strenuous moves caused 0.56 injuries per 1000 hours (95% CI 0.33 to 0.89).