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Application of radiochromic film for dosimetric and quality assurance of the brachytherapy sources
Published in Indra J. Das, Radiochromic Film, 2017
Ali S. Meigooni, Sharifeh A. Dini
The nonmalignant disease known as pterygium is generally developed on the conjunctiva, or clear membrane that covers the eye. Pterygium is a red growth of excessive blood vessels on white part of the eye that can also grow onto the cornea. This disease is treated with surgery or radiation using a β-emitter contact applicator such as 90Sr [63,64]. These applicators are generally calibrated by the ADCL using the RCF to measure the dose rate as well as the uniformity of the activity distributions.
Self-reported symptoms of ocular allergy and its comorbid factors among residents living near a landfill site in Ghana
Published in International Journal of Environmental Health Research, 2023
Prince Peprah, Michael Agyemang Kwarteng, Kofi Asiedu, Williams Agyemang-Duah, Anthony Kwame Morgan, Akwasi Adjei Gyimah
Conditions of landfills in Ghana are currently not different from what exist in regulated open-dumping sites at un-engineered sites as they mostly lack basic equipment such as fences, liners, soil cover and compactors and are located close to wetlands and water sources (Oteng-Ababio 2014; Owusu-Sekyere 2018). Residents close to these sites may be exposed to the emitted toxic compounds, dust, smoke, extreme heat and chemicals that may have effects on their eyes (Fielder et al. 2000; Jarup et al. 2002). In a self-reported cross-sectional study conducted by Owusu-Sekyere et al. (2013) on Dompoase Landfill in the Kumasi Metropolis, residents reported that the regular excessive odour from the landfill irritated their eyes causing ocular surface discomfort. Harmful agents such as hydrogen sulfide, which is a component of burning from the sites, are said to cause eye irritations and instigate symptoms of ocular allergy (Vrijheid 2000). There are other various eye conditions that residents close to landfills in Ghana are prone to develop including dry eyes, pterygium and cataract due to the smoky and dusty environmental conditions in landfill areas (Khurana 2019).
Surgical applications of intracorporal tissue adhesive agents: current evidence and future development
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2020
Nicholas Gillman, David Lloyd, Randy Bindra, Rui Ruan, Minghao Zheng
Three primary agents, Tisseel® (Baxter), EVICEL® (J&J Medical Devices), and Beriplast® (CSL Behring K.K.), have gained FDA approval for use as an adjunct to hemostasis in surgical patients where standard techniques are ineffective or impractical [12,55,56]. Randomized control trials (RCTs) have confirmed the efficacy of these agents for hemorrhagic control in vascular surgery with both autologous tissue and graft material [57–60]. Off labeled use of these agents has been trialed in ocular surgeries [61–66]. Comparison studies between these agents have shown EVICEL® being the most economical for use [67,68]. A retrospective database analysis also showed EVICEL® being superior to Tisseel® in terms of cost reduction, readmission rates, bleeding complications, and index-day transfusion rates [67]. A recent comparative study showed Tisseel® to be superior in terms of recurrence, discomfort, surgery time, and flap dislocation than EVICEL® fibrin sealant when applied in pterygium surgery [61]. Furthermore, Tisseel® has shown promising use in orthopedic cartilage repair procedures [69], while Beriplast® has shown higher patient satisfaction in open rhinoplasty for skin fixation compared to standard techniques [70]. However, complications of fatal air embolism have been reported as a result of using EVICEL® (5 cases) and Tisseel® (1 case). The use of the agents in laparoscopy is limited to surgeries where minimum spray distance can be accurately judged, and specific guidelines on insufflation gas and recommended spray distance must be followed to avoid this complication [71,72]. Studies comparing mechanical properties including tensile strength, elastic and compressive modulus and adhesive strength of the agents have produced mixed results [73–76].