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Photoacoustic Endoscopy and Its Biomedical Applications
Published in Sihua Yang, Da Xing, Biomedical Photoacoustics, 2020
IVPA/IVUS was performed on a human coronary artery specimen exhibiting early-stage atherosclerosis (left anterior descending artery female aged 41, imaged < 24 h post mortem). Figures 4.23a,b show the co-registered combined IVPA/IVUS images at 1205 nm (high lipid absorption] and 1235 nm (low lipid absorption], respectively. In the IVUS image, the luminal border and the external elastic lamina are clearly visible. The images show two thickened intimal regions that exhibit a brighter signal in the 1205 nm IVPA image than in the 1235 nm IVPA image. A brighter signal is also observed in the 1205 nm IVPA image in the peri-adventitial regions all around the vessel. The corresponding lipid stain, shown in Fig. 4.23c, confirms the presence of lipids in the regions with enhanced 1205 nm IVPA signal. The three different lipid detection methods were applied to the co-registered IVPA data. The findings are comparable to the lipid detection results in the phantom: Fig. 4.23d clearly depicts the lipids in the fatty streak at the bottom right while suppressing successfully the peri-adventitial lipids. However, it fails to distinctly show the lipids present in the smaller fatty streak at the top of the vessel. In contrast, Fig. 4.23e depicts the peri-adventitial lipids while suppressing the lipids present within the thickened intima. The plaque and peri-adventitial lipid maps created using the three-wavelength (1185, 1205 and 1235 nm] correlation with the associated reference spectra, overlaid on the IVUS image, are shown in Figs. 4.23g,h, respectively. The three-wavelength correlation with cholesterol seems to be working equally well as the six-wave length correlation, whereas the three-wavelength peri-adventitial lipid correlation degrades slightly. In summary, sIVPA data to detect atherosclerotic lesion lipid content were demonstrated on human coronary arteries ex vivo and have the potential to be used in an in vivo setting.
Lipidomic profiling of the Brazilian yellow scorpion venom: new insights into inflammatory responses following Tityus serrulatus envenomation
Published in Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A, 2023
Tanize Acunha, Bruno Alves Rocha, Viviani Nardini, Fernando Barbosa Jr, Lúcia Helena Faccioli
Raw data of LC-HRMS were processed using MarkerView software from SCIEX (version 1.2.1, Concord, CA). Lipid annotation was performed based upon accurate mass, isotopic patterns, and MS/MS highly accurate masses of the features. PeakView and LipidView (Sciex, Concord, CA) tools were used together to confirm the elemental formula of the detected features. For lipid identification, MS/MS experimental spectrum of each lipid specie was manually inspected and searched against in-silico MS/MS library Lipidblast (Kind et al. 2013), LIPID MAPS (http://www.lipidmaps.org/), PubChem (Kim et al. 2019), and LipidView (Sciex, Concord, CA) databases information. Binary quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR) models were built utilizing MetaDrug database (Clarivate Analytics, Boston, MA) to predict the biological effect of the compounds identified in T. serrulatus venom. Subsequently, lipids selected according to their toxicity were transferred to MetaCore (Clarivate Analytics, Boston, MA) to perform a joint pathway enrichment analysis.