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High Resolution Diffuse Optical Tomography of the Human Brain
Published in Francesco S. Pavone, Shy Shoham, Handbook of Neurophotonics, 2020
Muriah D. Wheelock, Adam T. Eggebrecht
Validation of resting state functional connectivity methods for HD-DOT (fcDOT) were first demonstrated in healthy adults (White et al., 2009). This seminal paper showed that fcDOT maps were reproducible in participants across days and that bilateral maps of correlations within (but not between) visual and motor regions were replicated in fMRI in those same participants. More recently, subject-specific light modeling and an expanded field of view broadened the reach of fcDOT methods to map not just sensory or motor networks, but also spatially distributed “higher-order” cognitive networks including cortical aspects of the dorsal attention network, fronto-parietal control network, and the default mode network (Figure 17.9A) (Eggebrecht et al., 2014). Group level analyses demonstrated remarkable similarities in the topology of these brain networks between fcDOT and rs-fMRI. Cumulatively, these validation studies suggest DOT is capable of measuring task-based activations in healthy adults with comparable spatial specificity to that observed with fMRI.
Using EEG to investigate the influence of boredom on prospective memory in top-down and bottom-up processing mechanisms for intelligent interaction
Published in Ergonomics, 2023
Pin-Hsuan Chen, Pei-Luen Patrick Rau
In addition to the brain regions, hemispheric differences are relevant to information-processing mechanisms. In particular, the right hemisphere exerts top-down modulation in visual-based tasks, while the left hemisphere inhibits top-down processing (Arshad et al. 2015; Silvanto et al. 2009; Arshad et al. 2013b). Although the bottom-up processing remains less explored in the literature, a recent study investigated the salience of target identification in this information-processing mechanism. Unlike top-down processing, bottom-up processing employs diverse phases to process multiple target features, implying differences in attention management (Jia, Fan, and Luo 2021). Earlier studies have reported that the dorsal attention network is supported by the parietal lobe dominating top-down processing, while the ventral attention network is supported by the temporal lobe dominating bottom-up processing (Ungerleider and Haxby 1994; Duncan 1999; Treisman 1999). Considering the distinct brain activities in brain regions and hemispheres, we proposed hypotheses 3 and 4 to investigate cognitive function in workplace environments with tedious and complex information.