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Recent Advancements of Additive Manufacturing for Patient-Specific Drug Delivery
Published in Atul Babbar, Ankit Sharma, Vivek Jain, Dheeraj Gupta, Additive Manufacturing Processes in Biomedical Engineering, 2023
Prakash Katakam, Shanta Kumari Adiki, Soumya Ranjan Satapathy
Recent research focuses on high drug loading and patient-specific medications and alternative drug delivery systems, such as buccal patches, transdermal patches, biodegradable implants, and oral delivery systems, when traditional commercial approaches can’t provide such customization of medication. Much research is underway on the process of formulating oral and transdermal delivery systems using AM technologies [44]. The most prominent technologies employed in such studies are FDM, SLA, BJ, powder bed IJP, and semisolid extrusion [45–46]. Among such AM technologies, the powder extrusion method was successfully applied for formulating amorphous solid printlets of itraconazole, which can remove the necessity of the tedious and time-consuming process of FDM technology [47]. More recently, Vithani et al. reported the ability of AM to formulate lipid-based drug delivery devices for lipophilic drugs [48]. AM has advantages of flexibility of materials selection that paves greater application in multidrug therapeutics. Recently Pereira et al. formulated a poly-pill of four different cardiovascular drugs [49]. Awad et al. made the successful formulation of 3D-printed mini-printlets that contain paracetamol and ibuprofen that are separated in the formulation [50].
Pharmaceutical Applications of Locust Bean Gum
Published in Amit Kumar Nayak, Md Saquib Hasnain, Dilipkumar Pal, Natural Polymers for Pharmaceutical Applications, 2019
Md Saquib Hasnain, Amit Kumar Nayak, Mohammad Tahir Ansari, Dilipkumar Pal
There are two most important advantages of drug administration through the buccal mucosa, which comprise avoiding pre-systemic elimination within the GIT and first-pass hepatic effect (Mujoriya et al., 2011). Thus, buccal drug delivery primarily envisages improving poorly absorbable drugs bioavailability in the intestinal region (Senel, 2010). Strong mucoadhesiveness is one of the main characteristics to be revealed by buccal delivery systems, which is typically obtained by means of mucoadhesive polymers (Ratha et al., 2010). It was observed that LBG as compared to other polysaccharides like chitosan (CS) has a less stronger mucoadhesive profile (Yamagar et al., 2010).
Multi-Cyclodextrin Supramolecular Encapsulation Entities for Multifaceted Topical Drug Delivery Applications
Published in Munmaya K. Mishra, Applications of Encapsulation and Controlled Release, 2019
P. D. Kondiah, Yahya E. Choonara, Zikhona Hayiyana, Pariksha J. Kondiah, Thashree Marimuthu, Lisa C. du Toit, Pradeep Kumar, Viness Pillay
Buccal drug delivery is advantageous due to its high patient acceptance as compared with other non-oral drug administration routes (Mura et al. 2016). Therapeutic benefits are produced through the following mechanisms: bypassing liver clearance, direct access to systemic circulation, and therefore, enhanced bioavailability. The disadvantages are that the buccal membranes possess low penetrability and surface area. Cyclodextrins have been proved to provide various benefits in buccal drug delivery, such as improvement in permeation, stability, solubility, absorption, muco-adhesiveness, and the rate of dissolution. Figueiras and co-workers used methylated cyclodextrins as penetration enhancers for omeprazole, a hydrophobic agent that is highly unstable in neutral conditions (Figueiras et al. 2009). When the drug was complexed with pure β-cyclodextrins and methyl-β-cyclodextrins separately, both its stability and its penetration capacity were enhanced. A successful delivery system for carvedilol was reported by using methyl-β-cyclodextrins. The challenges in the use of carvedilol are its high metabolic clearance and poor solubility. Methyl cyclodextrin–based buccal tablets enhanced its muco-adhesive strength, permeation, and bioavailability (Mura et al. 2016). Another cyclodextrin derivative, HP-β-CD, has been reported for the effective delivery of darifenacin through the buccal route. Darifenacin is a urinary antispasmodic with significantly poor solubility and bioavailability of about 15–19% (Jagdale et al. 2013). Complexation with cyclodextrins produced an enhanced dissolution rate as compared with the free drug powder. This was administered using a patch dosage form, bypassing hepatic metabolism, with HP-β-CD significantly enhancing buccal absorption.
Development and in vitro appraisal of Soluplus® and/or Carbopol® 971 buccoadhesive patches releasing atorvastatin
Published in The Journal of Adhesion, 2022
Aseel Abu-Rumman, Rana Abu-Huwaij, Rania Hamed
The buccal route is an attractive alternative to oral-systemic administration as it provides benefits over both injectable and enteric dosage forms. It is acceptable by the patient as the dosage form is placed without any pain or discomfort and can be easily removed as soon as any adverse effects are observed. The buccal area is well vascularized, with blood vessels draining directly into the jugular vein, avoiding the first-pass metabolism .[5] Buccal therapeutics can be formulated to provide prolonged contact time with the mucosa, improving the performance of several drugs. Increasing the residence time for a controlled active pharmaceutical agent leads to a significant decrease in the frequency of administration .[3] Buccal delivery escapes the acidic stomach environment (pH = 1.5–3.5), as well as the internal enzymatic environment of the small intestine .[6] However, this route may encounter obstacles, including restricted drug absorption due to barrier properties of the mucosa, [7] eating and drinking restrictions, [8] drug dilution due to constant saliva secretion (0.5–2 L/day), and continuous movement of the tongue and jaws, which can further restrict the effectiveness of drug delivery .[9]
Significant biopolymers and their applications in buccal mediated drug delivery
Published in Journal of Biomaterials Science, Polymer Edition, 2021
Absorptive mucosae are considered a potential site for the delivery and absorption of the drugs. There are many mucosal routes such as buccal, nasal, vaginal, rectal, ocular, etc exist in the human system. Among them, the oral cavity is mostly preferred by the patients over other sites of mucosae that are rich in blood capillaries. The recovery time of the drug delivered through the mucosal route is small and it also eliminates the first-pass metabolism and also prevents enzymatic degradation of the drug in the GI tract, which makes it a suitable site for drug delivery. Drug delivery is classified into two broad categories within the oral cavity: a) sublingual drug delivery: It is the drug delivery through the mucosal lining in the floor of the mouth; b) buccal drug delivery: It is the systemic route of drug delivery by the mucosal sites at the walls of cheeks of the mouth.