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Economics, Energy Management and Conservation
Published in Radian Belu, Energy Storage, Grid Integration, Energy Economics, and the Environment, 2019
The aims of a bioenergy supply chain is to satisfy likely varying useful energy demands and to provide necessary conversion and primary material supplies with the required quality and quantity. Usually supply chains consist of a life cycle sections of biomass production or biodegradable material preparation phase, conversion, utilization and disposal. The deciding factors are economical, technical and administrative framework conditions, all having significant effects on putting a supply chain in practice. The framework conditions are depending on the supply side (bioenergy production) and the demand side (final energy provisions) on the other hand. There several options to use bioenergy for electricity and/or heat generation, ranging from biomass, biowaste and biogas to those producing biofuels for transportation. Bio-power is the use of biomass to generate electricity. There are four major types of systems: direct‐fired, co-firing, gasification and small modular. In direct‐fired combustion, the biomass is the second most utilized renewable power generation source in the United States. The direct‐fired power plants are similar to the fossil fuel power plants. Around 7000 MW of power is produced by the biomass.
Thermal Pretreatment of Biomass to make it Suitable for Biopower Application
Published in Jaya Shankar Tumuluru, Biomass Preprocessing and Pretreatments for Production of Biofuels, 2018
In general, biopower—the production of electricity from biomass—holds significant potential as a major renewable energy source in a low-carbon energy future. Globally, an estimated 72 gigawatts (GW) of biopower capacity was in operation at the end of 2011, representing a 9 percent increase from 2010 (REN 21, 2012). Biomass for biopower is produced from mill residues, urban wood waste, forest harvesting residues, agricultural waste material, dedicated herbaceous crops, and specified woody crops (Tumuluru et al., 2012). The major feedstocks used for commercial-scale electricity and heat generation are residuals from timber harvesting, saw milling, and pulp and paper production. Currently, biopower generation has increased by using wood pellets. The world’s largest biopower plant in the United Kingdom (UK) that has a capacity of 750 megawatts (MW) (REN 21, 2012) is currently using wood pellets. In the U.S., more than 7,000 MW of biopower capacity are installed at more than 350 plants. Various biopower producers include electric utilities, independent power producers, and the pulp and paper industry. Biomass provides 10.2 percent of total global energy consumption; 61 percent of which is attributed to traditional uses of biomass such as domestic cooking, lighting, and heating in the developing world (Chum et al., 2011). Other application examples of biomass use include combined heat and power (CHP) as well as the production of liquid transportation fuels. Figure 3 shows the generation of biopower in the U.S. since 1980. In 2011, the U.S. generated 57 terawatt hours (tWhs) of biopower (see Fig. 3). In the U.S., 67 percent of biopower uses woody biomass as a feedstock, whereas the rest comes from MSW, landfill gas, and agricultural and other byproducts (EIA/AER, 2012).
Solar PV-Powered Separately Excited Biogas DC Generator Suitable for Operation in a DC Microgrid
Published in Electric Power Components and Systems, 2023
Tuhin Kumar Barui, Debasish Mondal
In this work, a unique concept regarding DC power generation and distribution for a standalone DC network has been carried out. The proposed system not only enhances the scope of generation of DC power but also caters to its direct distribution of the power to the local DC loads efficiently. One of the major gains of the proposed work is the formation of a DC distribution grid integrated with other renewable power sources. This idea mitigates the problems that exist in an AC system like the problem of synchronization with other power sources and the losses in terms of frequency and harmonics. In addition, the solar-powered biogas-driven DC generator paves a new way to utilize solar power effectively with a unique energy management algorithm, even when insolation is low during dawn and dusk which ensures a step toward the zero-loss power supply in DC standalone network. Besides the above the Bio-power plant enhances the utilization of biomass resources and ensures a step toward a carbon-neutral environment.
Renewable energy potential in India and future agenda of research
Published in International Journal of Sustainable Engineering, 2019
Santosh Singh Raghuwanshi, Rajesh Arya
Figure 9 shows that year-wise cumulative biopower installed capacity in India since 2010 to 2017. Biopower includes biomass, cogeneration and waste of energy capacities. Biopower rapidly growth has been found after 2015. The total 8311 MW cumulative biopower capacity has been installed in 2017.