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Single Particle Motion
Published in Rob Appleby, Graeme Burt, James Clarke, Hywel Owen, The Science and Technology of Particle Accelerators, 2020
Rob Appleby, Graeme Burt, James Clarke, Hywel Owen
Note the β-perturbation is a function of s, so is a ‘beta wave’ around the ring The distortion oscillates at twice the betatron frequency, which is why it's called a β-beat. Note also the strength of the distortion is proportional to the quadrupole error and also the beta function at the position of the quadrupole error. The β-beat measured in the LHC is shown in Figure 5.14.
The simultaneous changes in motor performance and EEG patterns in beta band during learning dart throwing skill in dominant and non-dominant hand
Published in Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 2023
Yaser Khanjari, Elahe Arabameri, Mehdi Shahbazi, Shahzad Tahmasebi, Fariba Bahrami, Ali Mobaien
Therefore, one of the important reasons for the decrease in beta wave activity in the central region can be a reduction in the cognitive load of the task and an increase in sensory-motor integration after the acquisition of skills. On the other hand, the decrease in beta wave activity in the central regions could be due to the increase of the alpha wave in this region. Since the activity of alpha and beta waves is usually inversely related to each other (Kubitz and Mott 1996), another possible reason for the decrease in beta wave activity in this area could be the simultaneous increase in alpha wave activity. However, the results of this study are inconsistent with some studies that have shown that the acquisition of a motor skill does not alter EEG activity in the beta band. For example, Ghasemian et al. (2017) in a study entitled electroencephalography pattern variations during motor skill acquisition concluded that although the performance error in a tracking task decreased with the progress of practice, the activity of the EEG pattern in the beta band in the study channels there were no significant changes (Ghasemian et al. 2017). This contradiction may be due to the fact that in this research firstly, low training sessions (one week) have been used to acquire skills, and secondly, the task studied in this research is not a sports skill (tracking tasks) that can be related to the different conditions of this research with the present research.
Cognitive response and how it is affected by changes in temperature
Published in Building Research & Information, 2021
The collected EEG data were analysed according to frequency using PSA. In this experiment, the relative delta wave, the relative theta wave, the relative alpha wave, the relative beta wave, and the relative gamma wave were dependent variables.