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Cardiovascular system
Published in A Stewart Whitley, Jan Dodgeon, Angela Meadows, Jane Cullingworth, Ken Holmes, Marcus Jackson, Graham Hoadley, Randeep Kumar Kulshrestha, Clark’s Procedures in Diagnostic Imaging: A System-Based Approach, 2020
A Stewart Whitley, Jan Dodgeon, Angela Meadows, Jane Cullingworth, Ken Holmes, Marcus Jackson, Graham Hoadley, Randeep Kumar Kulshrestha
Figure 9.51a shows the arterial supply to the lower limbs. The abdominal aorta bifurcates into the right and left common iliac arteries, usually at the level of L4. Each common iliac artery further divides into the internal iliac artery, which supplies the pelvis, and the external iliac artery, which continues down the leg to become the common femoral artery (CFA) once it crosses below the inguinal ligament. A few centimetres below the inguinal ligament the CFA divides into the profunda femoris (PFA) and superficial femoral (SFA) arteries. The PFA supplies the muscles of the thigh and the SFA continues to the knee. Just above the knee (at the adductor hiatus), SFA becomes the popliteal artery. Below the knee this artery trifurcates into the anterior tibial (AT), posterior tibial (PT) and peroneal arteries. The AT continues towards the foot to become the dorsalis pedis artery at the ankle, which supplies the dorsal aspect of the foot. The PT and peroneal often have an initial short common trunk (tibio-peroneal trunk). The PT gives rise to the medial and lateral plantar arteries that supply the plantar aspect of the foot. The peroneal artery supplies the lateral aspect of the lower leg. There is a corresponding system of veins draining blood back into the inferior vena cava and then to the heart (Fig. 9.51b).
A review on femoropopliteal arterial deformation during daily lives and nickel-titanium stent properties
Published in Journal of Medical Engineering & Technology, 2022
Ali K. Kareem, Mustafa M. Gabir, Inas R. Ali, Al E. Ismail, Ishkrizat Taib, Nofrizalidris Darlis, Omar M. Almoayed
The FPA (femoral-popliteal or FP) is the main limb artery located in the peripheral artery (lower extremities), as shown in Figure 1. FPA is responsible for the blood adhering to the lower extremities (tissues and mussels) through its branches. Over there, the FPA has branches of blood artery, such as the superficial femoral artery (SFA), the adductor hiatus, the popliteal artery (PA), the anterior tibial artery and the tibioperoneal trunk [8]. However, FPA has often suffered from several problems that need to be addressed, such as the high proportion of atherosclerotic plaque. These obstacles have been investigated in the following section.