China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Airfield design, configuration and management
Published in Lucy Budd, Stephen Ison, Air Transport Management, 2020
The airfield environment is dangerous, and health and safety is a critical issue. Passengers and airport employees can be injured or killed by jet blast and prop wash (the exhaust from aircraft engines), be crushed or harmed while using machinery and servicing aircraft, and slip, trip or fall. Airfields need to be regularly patrolled to ensure the perimeter is secure and to scare wildlife away from the active runways and aircraft manoeuvring areas. Airfield operations are also responsible for ensuring the structural and operational integrity of the airfield and must be equipped to respond to any eventuality, from removing foreign object debris (FOD) to escorting maintenance contractors out onto the airfield to repair damaged assets. Airfield operations teams must also compile detailed datasets to monitor defects and identify hazards.
Inanimate Debris Generated by Aircraft Ground Operation
Published in Ahmed F. El-Sayed, Foreign Object Debris and Damage in Aviation, 2022
Airports that are in dense urban areas often have deflectors between taxiways and airport borders. Jet blast deflectors usually direct exhaust gases upward to avoid ground debris.
Numerical simulation of jet impingement relaminarization using nonlinear eddy viscosity turbulence models
Published in Engineering Applications of Computational Fluid Mechanics, 2023
Mongkol Kaewbumrung, Chalermpol Plengsa-Ard
According to the jet impingement phenomenon, heat transfer intensification methods are vital in many industrial applications (Chen & Chen, 2022; Steinberg et al., 2022; Ul Haq et al., 2022; Xing et al., 2022; Zhou et al., 2022). Regarding the importance of a wide range of applications, such as aerospace, automotive and semiconductor components, the following sections discuss the applications that require a fidelity standard of accuracy. Gao et al. (2018) investigated the safety impact of gas jets on a jet blast deflector of aircraft engines that significantly interferes with the flight deck environment. This work confirmed that those predicted results from SST k-ω turbulence model was better for compressible viscous gas jet simulations. Zhou et al. (2018) proposed a new jet impingement chip-scale cooling structure to improve silicon wafer manufacturing. This unique design was estimated to provide 70% higher cooling performance for pumping power and more uniform cooling. Radmard et al. (2020) explored the heat transfer from directly manufactured micro pins undergoing jet impingement. Their study showed that the outlet port position significantly affected the hydraulic and thermal resistances. Rane and He (2020) analyzed a two-phase turbine used for power generation in thermal power plants based on a Ranz-Marshall heat transfer correlation and concluded there was good agreement in the BNL nozzle.
Performance evaluation of steel slag high performance concrete for sustainable pavements
Published in International Journal of Pavement Engineering, 2022
Ragaa T. Abd El-Hakim, Gamal M. Elgendy, Sherif M. El-Badawy, Mohamed Amin
High-performance concrete (HPC) is concrete with special properties: low shrinkage, low permeability, high workability, high durability, and a high modulus of elasticity, or high strength (Course 2018). The HPC usually consists of cement, water, fine sand, superplasticizer, fly ash, or silica fume. Sometimes, quartz flour and fibre are added as well so that HPC achieves ultra-strength and ultra-ductility, respectively. One of the key elements of high-performance concrete is its low water-to-cement ratio (Büyüköztürk and Lau 2002). An investigation of Ultra High Strength Concrete (UHSC, fc=125 MPa) showed that its specific fracture energy increases with temperature increase. This makes it suitable to be used in airport aprons subjected to hot jet blast from jet engine aircrafts (Bamonte and Gambarova 2010). Using SS powder combined with Super-plasticizer admixture, to produce economical HPC to be used in pavement applications have shown enhanced durability and reduced cement content. Different types of SS along with SS cement and concrete with variable admixtures dosage were studied in literature (Li, Kong et al. 2009). The effectiveness of using SS powder for suppressing Alkali Aggregate Reaction was also analysed. The results showed that properties and durability of concrete can be greatly improved by using SS powder (Li, Kong et al. 2009). However, other research studies reported that the SSP did not cause any significant improvement on the mechanical properties of concrete (Lin, Wang et al. 2008; Yu, Wang et al. 2017; Han and Zhang 2018; Liu and Guo 2018).
Investigating the potential of using glass foam for an EMAS material to mitigate aircraft overrun accidents
Published in International Journal of Pavement Engineering, 2021
The EMAS geometry used in this validation study is from an early arrestor bed study by the FAA (Cook et al. 1995), Figure 8. The EMAS is set back 61.0 m (200-ft) from the runway threshold to avoid damage due to jet blast, aircraft intrusion during an aircraft undershoot, or a low speed aircraft overrun. The EMAS is designed with varying thickness to stop aircraft of differing weights while ensuring passengers will not experience a drastic deceleration (>1 g) and that the aircraft will not endure significant damage.