Lumps and lesions
Manu Shah, Ariyaratne de Silva in The Male Genitalia, 2018
The vast majority of genital lesions are benign. Some may be sexually acquired (e.g. viral warts, mollusca) and some may be part of a generalised condition (e.g. lichen planus). Basal Cell Papilloma is the commonest benign skin lesion. They tend to asymptomatic but may occasionally itch. Lesions are usually pigmented and are more common in older people. Melanocytic naevi may be found anywhere on the skin including the genitals. Genital warts are the commonest diagnosed viral infection in the United Kingdom and many other countries in the world. Infections are due to the human papilloma virus (HPV) of which over 70 subtypes have been identified. HPV is spread by direct inoculation into the skin through microabrasions. There is then a latency period of months to years before clinical lesions become apparent. Genital warts appear as painless epidermal lesions. They may be plane (flat), filiform (fingerlike), papillomatous (small lumps), verrucous (warty) or pigmented.
No treatment
Graham Colver in Outcomes of Skin Surgery, 2008
Doctors are frequently asked if anything needs to be done about a skin lesion or blemish. Often they are harmless and natural and many patients, especially if they are slightly guarded about intervention, willingly take the advice to ‘do nothing’. The natural history of skin lesions varies enormously. Some benign lesions may reach large proportions while some malignant lesions may be remarkably slow-growing and non-aggressive. Patients often worry that if they leave a benign lesion to enlarge it will be much more difficult to treat and will leave a much more obvious scar – this is rarely the case, although some lesions do continue to grow. Squamous cell carcinomas are generally more aggressive tumours than basal cell carcinomas. They tend to grow more quickly and invade other tissues, and they can spread to other organs via the lymphatics or blood vessels. Malignant melanoma is a worrying tumour because its behaviour is so unpredictable.
Mathematical Models of Irradiated Cell Survival
Leonid G. Hanin, Lyudmila V. Pavlova, Andrej Yu. Yakovlev in Biomathematical Problems, 2020
The processes of multiplication and death of irradiated cells also contribute to various changes because when a cell dies, all its lesions disappear, and when a cell divides in two, each lesion from the mother cell is distributed with certain probabilities between the daughter cells. Intracellular lesions induced by irradiation may be interpreted as discrete marks attached to a cell. As a rule, mathematical models of cell population kinetics determine the fate of a cell at the end of mitotic cycle. The typical example of the opposite situation is the survival of Chang liver cells irradiated during different stages of their growth in cell culture. The biological meaning will be unchanged if we consider only one target in a given cell instead of numerous identical targets and consequently confine ourselves to using the multihit-one target model. Continuous Markov processes and stochastic differential equations were applied for the analysis of the interphase death of cells exposed to radiation.
Discrimination of the Term ‘Space-Occupying Lesion’ Used in ICD-10
Published in Chinese Medical Record English Edition, 2014
Objective. The correct use of terms for space-occupying lesions. Method. Analyze the use of the keyword, ‘space-occupying lesion’, in the national standard electronic version of ICD-10. Results. In a total of 13 records, the first 3 had errors, and the term had been correctly applied in the other 10. Conclusion. Space-occupying lesions are classified into R90-R93; the small nodules and masses diagnosed in imaging belong to space-occupying lesions. If the keyword used is not ‘space-occupying lesions’, the classification should be shifted to other categories.
The Value of Optos Panoramic 200MA™ Imaging for the Monitoring of Large Suspicious Choroidal Lesions
Published in Seminars in Ophthalmology, 2009
Atul Jain, Sumit P. Shah, Irena Tsui, Tara A. McCannel
Purpose: Suspicious elevated choroidal lesions require close monitoring for potential malignant transformation. We describe a case of a large choroidal lesion in which conventional digital photography was not optimal for documenting baseline clinical features. The Optos Panoramic 200MA™ system documented the lesion in its entirety. Design: Observational case report. Method: A 75 year old female presented with decreased vision and a large pigmented choroidal lesion (> 10 mm in diameter). Result: Standard 30 degree fundus photography yielded poor images due to the large size of the lesion and media opacity from cataract. The Optos system allowed for the entire lesion to be readily captured in a single photograph for serial evaluations over time. Conclusion: Large dimension choroidal lesions of the fundus may be more easily and accurately documented with Optos ultrawide-field imaging.
Does Timing of Brain Lesion Have an Impact on Children's Attention?
Published in Developmental Neuropsychology, 2011
Megan Spencer-Smith, Peter Anderson, Rani Jacobs, Lee Coleman, Brian Long, Vicki Anderson
This study examined developmental timing of brain lesion effects on children's attention skills. The sample of 138 children, 10–16 years at assessment, were grouped based on developmental timing of brain lesion: (1) Congenital; (2) Perinatal; (3) Infancy; (4) Preschool; (5) Middle Childhood; (6) Late Childhood. Children with lesions in infancy or earlier demonstrated global attention problems, while children with lesions in middle childhood performed closer to normal expectations. This pattern of results was particularly evident for encoding and shifting attention. Findings highlight vulnerability of the immature brain to lesions and identify critical periods in development for attention skills.
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