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Onychoscopy and nail fold capillaroscopy
Published in Archana Singal, Shekhar Neema, Piyush Kumar, Nail Disorders, 2019
Onychoscopy has long been used to study longitudinal pigmentary bands (LPBs). There are well-documented onychoscopic features that differentiate benign LPB from malignant. An international study group on melanonychia published the first ever guidelines (2013) for the use of dermoscopy in the detection and management of nail pigmentation.5 The group agreed that neither the contact nor the non-contact dermatoscope is superior to the other, and non-polarized and polarized lights are complementary to each other. The use of interface medium is dependent on the expertise of the clinician. The stepwise approach to the nail pigmentation is discussed in Figure 7.6.
Photobiomodulation Therapy in Orthopedics
Published in Kohlstadt Ingrid, Cintron Kenneth, Metabolic Therapies in Orthopedics, Second Edition, 2018
Lower back pain (LBP) is a common disorder involving the muscles, nerves and bones of the back. The sensation can vary from a dull constant ache to a sudden sharp pain. LBP can be classified by its duration into: acute (pain lasting less than 6 weeks), sub-chronic (6 to 12 weeks) or chronic (more than 12 weeks). LBP may be further classified according to the underlying cause as either, mechanical, non-mechanical or referred pain. In most episodes of LBP, a specific underlying cause is not identified or even looked for, with the pain believed to be due to mechanical problems such as muscle or joint strain. The symptoms of LBP usually improve within a few weeks from the time they start, with 40–90 % of people completely recovered by 6 weeks. Despite this sufferers from chronic LBP are often desperate for relief having failed to find it with paracetamol NSAIDs and muscle relaxants.
Chinese Medicine and Acupuncture
Published in Aruna Bakhru, Nutrition and Integrative Medicine, 2018
Acupuncture is recommended for both acute and chronic low back pain (LBP) as one of the first lines of therapy recommended by the Clinical Practice Guidelines from the American College of Physicians (ACP). Treatment for acute LBP, pain that lasts less than 3 months, includes heat, massage, acupuncture, or spinal manipulation. For chronic LBP, pain that lasts more than 3 months, treatments are exercise, rehabilitation, acupuncture, mindfulness stress reduction, tai chi, yoga, and so on.17
Rehabilitation and return to sport of a high-level track & field athlete with low back pain - a case report
Published in Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 2022
Brian Østergaard Sørensen, Christian Lund Straszek
Based on the preliminary findings, there were no signs of serious pathology nor radiculopathy. The primary hypothesis of nonspecific LBP with directional preference for rotation-in-flexion was evoked due to the following: (1) symptom location; (2) the patient was able to describe a specific episode initiating his pain symptoms; and (3) symptoms could both be reduced or aggravated by postures or activities such as painful flexion and curve reversal. The prognosis for this type of LPB is generally good and most patients recover from their pain symptoms and functional limitations within 6–8 weeks. However, it is important to notice that up to 60% will experience recurrent symptoms within 12 months (Hestbaek, Leboeuf-Yde, and Manniche, 2003) which makes education and self-management strategies a priority in this population (Foster et al., 2018; Lin et al., 2020). Despite being young, physically active and not having any psychosocial comorbidities the patient had not recovered on his own when he consulted the physiotherapist.
Preoptic bombesin-like receptor-3 neurons heat it up
Published in Temperature, 2022
Ramón A. Piñol, Marc L. Reitman
In addition to the POA, many other nuclei form part of the thermoregulatory network. We found that cold defense dorsal DMHBRS3→RPa neurons receive robust input from neurons in the LPB [4]. Others have reported that an LPB→DMH pathway could be involved in Tb regulation in the absence of rostral input (e.g., from POA) to DMH in certain situations (e.g., torpor). This suggests that redundant pathways, which may bypass the POA, contribute to Tb regulation. Acute chemogenetic inhibition of POABRS3 neurons decreases Tb by just 1.5°C, which strengthens our and others’ observation [6] that maintaining Tb in a cool environment does not readily rely on POA populations. This raises the possibility that redundant pathways, bypassing POA, are important for maintaining Tb in a cool environment.
A limited life – a mixed methods study on living with persistent pregnancy-related lumbopelvic pain more than 12 years postpartum in Sweden
Published in Disability and Rehabilitation, 2022
Karin Valinger Aggeryd, Cecilia Bergström, Ingrid Mogren, Margareta Persson
Pregnancy-related pelvic girdle pain (PGP) and/or low back pain (LBP) are common health problems affecting 24–90% of pregnant women [1]. The wide range can in part be explained by the differences of definition in different reports [1,2]. At present, PGP is defined as pregnancy-related pain between the gluteal fold and the posterior iliac crest, especially in the proximity of the sacroiliac joints (SIJ) [2]. The pain can be continuous or recurrent and experienced concomitantly with/or exclusively as pain in the pelvic symphysis, radiation of pain can also occur into the posterior thigh. The aetiology and pathological mechanisms of PGP are uncertain; mechanical, hormonal, metabolic, traumatic, and degenerative causes have been proposed as possible causes [1,3]. For undiagnosed symptoms in this region with no differentiation between PGP and LBP the term lumbopelvic pain (LP) is used [3].