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Measles and its neurological complications
Published in Avindra Nath, Joseph R. Berger, Clinical Neurovirology, 2020
Benedikt Weissbrich, Jürgen Schneider-Schaulies
Several further patients with MIBE have been reported subsequently [160–169]. Malignant disease and treatment with immunosuppressive drugs and/or axial radiation therapy is a common predisposing factor for MIBE in children. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia as the underlying disease has been reported in 70% of the cases and neuroblastoma in 9% [159]. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is another important predisposing cause [159,162–164,168]. In contrast, children with hypogammaglobulinemia recover normally from acute measles and are not at increased risk of MIBE.
Human Paramyxoviruses and Infections of the Central Nervous System
Published in Sunit K. Singh, Daniel Růžek, Neuroviral Infections, 2013
Michael R. Wilson, Martin Ludlow, W. Paul Duprex
Prior to molecular diagnostic approaches, observing the presence of the pathogno-monic prodromal Koplik spots around the buccal mucosa was the primary means of making the diagnosis of measles. Currently, serological assays to detect MV-specific IgG and IgM antibodies are typically used. APME is primarily a clinical diagnosis (see above). A presumptive diagnosis of SSPE can be made by a combination of the clinical presentation in a young patient, the presence of the characteristic periodic complexes on EEG, elevated gamma globulins and the presence of oligoclonal bands in the CSF, characteristic MRI findings and elevated measles antibody titers in the serum and CSF. Similarly, MIBE is primarily a clinical diagnosis, although for all three neurological complications of MV infection, neuropathology provides the ultimate confirmation of the diagnosis.
Vitamin D deficiency in head and neck cancer patients – prevalence, prognostic value and impact on immune function
Published in OncoImmunology, 2018
Florian Bochen, Benedikt Balensiefer, Sandrina Körner, Jörg Thomas Bittenbring, Frank Neumann, Armand Koch, Klaus Bumm, Anke Marx, Silke Wemmert, Georgios Papaspyrou, David Zuschlag, Jan Philipp Kühn, Basel Al Kadah, Bernhard Schick, Maximilian Linxweiler
Vitamin D supplementation of HNSCC patients started after the inital NK cell cytotoxicity measurement. Depending on the possibility of oral food intake, either enteral Vigantoletten 1.000 IE 1x/d oral/via feeding tube (Merck) or Dekristol 20.000 IE 1x/week oral (Mibe, Grünwald, Germany) or parenteral (D3-Vicotrat 100.000 IE 1x/month intramuscular (Heyl, Berlin, Germany) were administered over three months. Vitamin D serum level was measured at the time of each NK cell cytotoxicity assay before and after supplementation.