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Inhibiting Low-Density Lipoproteins Intimal Deposition and Preserving Nitric Oxide Function in the Vascular System
Published in Christophe Wiart, Medicinal Plants in Asia for Metabolic Syndrome, 2017
Veratrum dahuricum (Turcz.) Loes. produces jervine which at 1000 µmol/L inhibited the aggregation of platelets induced by arachidonic acid by 92.7%.343 Besides, the plant shelters 3, 15-diangeloylgermine which at a dose of 500 µmol/L inhibited platelet aggregation factor and arachidonic acid induced platelet aggregation by 73.6% and 60.4%, respectively.343 From the same plant, 15-angeloylgermine abrogated platelet aggregation in the presence of arachidonic acid at 200 µmol/L.343 The plant is poisonous and has no place in therapeutic.
Synergistic inhibitory effect of Smo inhibitor jervine and its combination with decitabine can target Hedgehog signaling pathway to inhibit myelodysplastic syndrome cell line
Published in Hematology, 2021
Fang Zhao, Jie Wang, Liu Yao, Yu-ting Qin, Niluopaer Tuerxun, Huan Wang, Ming Jiang, Jian-ping Hao
The Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) signaling pathway is overexpressed in many types of tumors such as gastric cancer, lung cancer, and leukemia, and is closely related to the occurrence of tumors [7–9]. In our previous studies, we found an activation of the Shh signaling pathway in MDS-stem/progenitor cells, and it participates in the occurrence and development of MDS. Survival analysis showed that the median survival time of patients with high expression of Smo and Gli-1 genes was significantly shorter than that of patients with low expression, which is one of the independent adverse factors. Smo inhibitors were used for in-vitro experiments to interfere with MUTZ-1 cells, and the results showed that they could effectively inhibit cell proliferation and promote cell apoptosis [10]. This is consistent with the research results of Zou and Xavier-Ferrucio [11,12]. The Smo inhibitor jervine is used in this study, a natural steroidal alkaloid isolated from Veratrum calfornicum. Mechanistically, jervine inhibits the Hedgehog signaling pathway through binding to the transmembrane domain of Smo [13].
Veratrum parviflorum poisoning: identification of steroidal alkaloids in patient blood and breast milk
Published in Clinical Toxicology, 2022
Jared T. Seale, Joseph E. Carpenter, Matthew D. Eisenstat, Emily A. Kiernan, Brent W. Morgan, Daniel P. Nogee, Xinzhu Pu, Colin A. Therriault, Michael Yeh, Owen M. McDougal
This study provides the first evidence for the presence of muldamine and jervine within V. parviflorum. Jervine has previously been isolated from Veratrum spp. including V. nigrum L., V. californicum, V. album, and V. viride, whereas muldamine has only been isolated from V. californicum [23–28]. Symptoms exhibited by the patients in the present study, including nausea, vomiting, hypotension, and bradycardia, were consistent with those commonly observed for Veratrum toxicity. Additionally, the time between ingestion and the appearance of symptoms was consistent with prior cases [11–19].
The protective role of jervine against radiation-induced gastrointestinal toxicity
Published in Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry, 2019
Selvinaz Yakan, Tuba Aydin, Canan Gulmez, Ozkan Ozden, Kivilcim Eren Erdogan, Yusuf Kenan Daglioglu, Fundagul Andic, Onur Atakisi, Ahmet Cakir
Radioprotector agents have become an important research topic to protect normal tissues from the negative effects of radiation5. In previous studies, many agents have been used that are antioxidants (such as amifostine and glutamine), anti-inflammatory agents (such as entolimod), antiproliferative agents (such as curcumin), anti-apoptotic agents (such as silymarin), protectors of endothelial cells (such as vitamin D), prostaglandin synthesis inhibitors (such as benzydamine), and hematopoietic cytokines (such as IL-1 and TNF- α)4,11. Although the efficacy of many agents has been investigated for the prevention of tissue damage due to radiation, there is still a need for an effective, low side-effect, easy-to-use radioprotector for reducing the side effects of RT. An ideal radioprotective agent is considered one that is stable, easy to administer, preferably using oral administration, is available at low financial burden, does not reduce the antitumoural activity of RT and chemotherapy while maintaining normal tissues, does not cause treatment morbidity, has no life-threatening effects, and has no persistent toxicity. To date, no radioprotective agent with successful long-term clinical outcomes has been reported. Recently, for antioxidative effects, the interest in agents that reduce the damage caused by RT in normal tissue has increased4,11. Antioxidants react with free radicals and have antioxidative effects on DNA damage and cell membrane damage, prevent tissue damage and reduce radioprotective effects as well as having antimutagenic and anticarcinogenic properties11. Jervine, a steroidal alkaloid, was first isolated from the Veratrum genus in 199114. J is one of the major steroidal alkaloids found among Veratrum species. J was reported to have antitumour activity, and it is also an analogue of cyclopamine, a major steroidal alkaloid19. Cyclopamine has been reported to inhibit the Hedgehog signalling pathway, which is important in the proliferation of cancerous cells. Due to this feature, extracts of steroidal alkaloids obtained from J and other Veratrum species have been tested against some cancer cells and have been reported to have anticancer properties24,25. In a study to determine the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity of J, all tested doses significantly prevented acute inflammation caused by carrageenan (CAR). CAR has been shown to significantly reduce cytokines in serum, neutrophil infiltration and lipid peroxidation in tissues. It has been shown that CAR has a negative effect on many antioxidant enzyme activities and GSH levels, and that J rebuilds the antioxidant defence system, reduces lipid peroxidation in tissues, reduces the level of cytokines in serum and reduces neutrophil infiltration. J potency was found to be anti-inflammatory and antioxidant19.