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Health Economics Aspects of Digital Therapeutics
Published in Oleksandr Sverdlov, Joris van Dam, Digital Therapeutics, 2023
Jennifer Lavanture, Owen McCarthy
Given the nascent state of the DTx industry, demonstrating the value of evidence-based interventions is particularly critical. DTx manufacturers should focus on the communication of value through communication, analysis, and predictive modeling that is tailored to the key drivers of payers' concern and interest, including, but not limited to: clinical effectiveness;budget neutrality and cost offset, inclusive of direct & indirect savings;alternative evidence types, particularly those focused on the patient experience, including engagement and satisfaction;other benefits, potentially including health plan satisfaction and quality metrics, administrative cost benefits, etc.
Introduction to the management station
Published in Sukhpreet Singh Dubb, Core Surgical Training Interviews, 2020
Clinical effectiveness describes the extent to which a particular treatment, service or intervention achieved its desired effect. The National Institute of Clinical Excellence (NICE) is one example which assesses the effectiveness of proposed medical treatments and validates those that are considered clinically effective and financially viable. The Royal College of Surgeons has a clinical effectiveness unit which performs relevant clinical audits and provides evidence regarding cost effectiveness. Interventions and services are based on strong evidence from reviews and statistical findings. These include ‘numbers needed to treat’ which demonstrate improved clinical practice or service delivery and are considered to be clinically effective. This can be difficult when assessing the qualitative features of a given treatment, such as care that is sensitive and responsive to an individual patient's requirements. Clinical effectiveness in part also encompasses the use of information technology to make clinical practice more efficient.
Saudi Arabia
Published in Hassan Salah, Michael Kidd, Ahmed Mandil, Family Practice in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, 2019
Noha Dashash, Lubna A. Al-Ansary, Ibrahim El-Ziq
Essential drugs are available in most PHCCs. The number of drugs included has doubled over the past few years to include more than 350 items. Referral between PHCCs and hospitals is generally below the desired standard.4 In order to improve the quality of care provided in PHCCs, the MoH has set an extensive quality control and accreditation programme for all PHCCs. PHC Clinical Practice Guidelines are based on good research evidence of clinical effectiveness. The private sector has shown interest in providing family practice services in the past few years.
Cost-effectiveness of single-inhaler triple therapy for patients with severe COPD: a systematic literature review
Published in Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine, 2022
Rezwanul Hasan Rana, Khorshed Alam, Syed Afroz Keramat, Jeff Gow
COPD is associated with a considerable burden in terms of mortality, morbidity, hospital admissions, and higher numbers of doctor and emergency room visits. As a result, COPD places an enormous economic burden on the global healthcare system through higher health services utilization. Poor adherence to treatment, given the complexity of treatment for COPD patients’ results in poor clinical and health outcomes compared to peers with better adherence [4,5]. Reducing the complexity of treatment may lead to better adherence rates and, therefore, improve clinical and health outcomes in COPD patients with acute exacerbations and reduce associated healthcare costs [6,7]. Single-inhaler triple therapy effectively reduces the complexity of treatment in COPD patients [8]. Given the range of treatments for COPD patients, it is crucial to conduct an economic evaluation to ensure the efficient allocation of healthcare resources. Economic evaluation, such as cost-effectiveness analysis, compares clinical effectiveness and the costs of an intervention to allocate healthcare resources optimally. Until recently, dual therapy and triple therapy using multiple-inhaler regimens have been widely utilized for treating COPD.
Economic evaluation of the Happy Talk pilot effectiveness trial: A targeted selective speech, language and communication intervention for children from areas of social disadvantage
Published in International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 2022
Pauline Frizelle, Cristina Mckean, Aoife O’Shea, Anne Horgan, Aileen Murphy
The lack of cost-effectiveness studies in SLP can be explained in part by the fact that many studies do not move beyond the efficacy stage of evaluation, however the majority of those that do, do not report sufficient cost information to allow the full cost of the interventions to be estimated. In the context of a financially constrained health care service, we have not only to consider clinical effectiveness but also the resource implications of any programme. Therefore, we are not only interested in whether an intervention programme will result in increased speech, language and/or communication outcomes, but we need to know the most efficient method of intervention to improve outcomes. Including cost-effectiveness evaluations (embedded in trials) allows policy-makers and commissioners to evaluate the real economic cost of an additional intervention programme or of changing existing practice. Importantly, because clinical outcomes are part of the intervention comparison in a cost-effectiveness analysis, the impact on children is central to the evaluation and therefore, decision makers cannot automatically conclude that a cheaper, but less effective intervention, is necessarily preferable.
Real world implementation of a group-based memory rehabilitation program into stroke services: A knowledge translation evaluation
Published in Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation, 2021
Dana Wong, Clare Kempnich, Jennifer Bradshaw, Sandy Grayson, Leasha Lillywhite, Marie O’Shea, Joosup Kim, Renerus Stolwyk, Dominique A. Cadilhac
We evaluated the process and outcomes of implementing the SMSG,14,28 within an acute and a community rehabilitation setting. In doing so, we aimed to provide a model for implementation and scalability34 of the SMSG that could potentially be replicated across other health or clinical settings, thereby enabling widespread knowledge translation and improving access to evidence-based memory rehabilitation. A range of implementation outcomes were measured, relating to the fidelity and acceptability of the SMSG in real-world settings; as well as the clinical effectiveness of the intervention. We found that the training process resulted in high treatment fidelity, as reflected by both adherence to the manualized protocol and competence in the delivery of the SMSG. The program was acceptable and enjoyable for both the clinicians and the participants. Participants in this study demonstrated significant improvement on the clinical effectiveness outcome which was comparable in magnitude to the original randomized controlled trial.14 These findings suggest that the SMSG intervention has the potential to be ‘scaled up’ successfully and effectively in clinical services, including public health settings.