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Drug profiles: generic names A–Z
Published in Jerome Z. Litt, Neil H. Shear, Litt's Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual, 2017
Clinically important, potentially hazardous interactions with: acetazolamide, ammonium chloride, analgesics, antacids, antihistamines, antihypertensives, antipsychotics, atomoxetine, cannabinoids, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, chlorpromazine, epinephrine, ethosuximide, haloperidol, iobenguane, lithium, MAO inhibitors, meperidine, methenamine, phenobarbital, phenytoin, propoxyphene, sympathomimetics, tricyclic antidepressants, urinary alkalinizing agents
Drug profiles: generic names A-Z
Published in Jerome Z. Litt, Neil H. Shear, Litt's Drug Eruption & Reaction Manual, 2017
Clinically important, potentially hazardous interactions with: acetazolamide, ammonium chloride, analgesics, antacids, antihistamines, antihypertensives, antipsychotics, atomoxetine, cannabinoids, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, chlorpromazine, epinephrine, ethosuximide, haloperidol, iobenguane, lithium, MAO inhibitors, meperidine, methenamine, phenobarbital, phenytoin, propoxyphene, sympathomimetics, tricyclic antidepressants, urinary alkalinizing agents
Complications of Radical Cystectomy
Published in Kevin R. Loughlin, Complications of Urologic Surgery and Practice, 2007
Erik Pasin, Maurizio Buscarini, John P. Stein
Patient compliance with catheterization schedules and irrigation protocols is necessary in the prevention of recurrent reservoir stones. Additionally, chronic metabolic acidosis occurring from urine exposed to bowel mucosa and perpetuated by underlying renal insufficiency places patients with intestinal reservoirs at high risk of stone formation. Urinary alkalinizing agents used to minimize metabolic academia and resulting hypercalciuria and hypocituria may be effective in the prophylaxis of intestinal reservoir stones.
Directly compressible formulation of immediate release rosuvastatin calcium tablets stabilized with tribasic calcium phosphate
Published in Pharmaceutical Development and Technology, 2022
Daniel Zakowiecki, Tobias Hess, Krzysztof Cal, Barbara Mikolaszek, Grzegorz Garbacz, Dorota Haznar-Garbacz
On the other hand, properly selected excipients can protect drug substances from adverse environmental factors and enhance the stability of finished dosage forms during storage. The ways of such chemical stabilization can be different and depend on the nature of the drug substance itself. For example, oxidation of lovastatin can be inhibited by employing antioxidants such as butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) or alpha-tocopherol. Incorporation of titanium dioxide in film coatings can stabilize nifedipine included in tablet cores (Kaufman 1990; Béchard et al. 1992; Yoshioka and Stella 2002). Regulation of the microenvironmental pH of a solid dosage form can significantly impact both chemical stability of a drug and its dissolution behavior. It has been reported that the use of acidic agents in a tablet formulation improved stability of acetylsalicylic acid. Stability and solubility of an acid-labile drug, clarithromycin, were enhanced by addition of alkalinizing agents such as magnesium oxide or dibasic sodium phosphate (Delonca et al. 1975; Badawy and Hussain 2007; Park et al. 2015). Aforementioned amlodipine besylate is a highly hygroscopic drug, which absorbs moisture leading to its degradation. The degradation is pH dependent, faster in acidic and basic conditions. Various strategies to improve chemical stability of this drug were reported. Application of an anhydrous, non-hygroscopic substances having neutral pH, such as some grades of anhydrous dibasic calcium phosphate, seems to be advantageous (Lemmens et al. 2006; Singh et al. 2006).
Impact of nanosizing on the formation and characteristics of polymethacrylate films: micro- versus nano-suspensions
Published in Pharmaceutical Development and Technology, 2021
Sakib Saleem Yousaf, Abdullah Isreb, Iftikhar Khan, Enosh Mewsiga, Abdelbary Elhissi, Waqar Ahmed, Mohamed A. Alhnan
Despite research present surrounding the impact of particle size on coatings in other industries (i.e. paint and thermal barrier coatings), the characteristics of film coatings in the pharmaceutical industry have yet to be fully investigated (Rawle 2002; Carpio et al. 2015). In a rare example, Siepmann et al (2005) investigated the film formation properties of blends of cellulosic nano-particles with enteric micro-particles of cellulose or methacrylate nature (Siepmann et al. 2005). However, to the author’s knowledge, there have been no direct comparisons of film-forming properties of suspensions of micro- and nano-particles of the same chemical nature within the pharmaceutical film coating industry. In this research, high-pressure homogenisation has been employed for production of nano-suspensions, which may successfully form functional film in the absence of an alkalinising agent. The impact of reducing particle size to the nano-scale on film formation and resultant film properties for the methacrylate polymer; Eudragit S100 has been investigated. This polymer is commercially used in the oral tablet products targeting ileocaecal site e.g. Asacol and Mezavant (EMC 2021a, 2021b).
Preparation, characterization and ex vivo–in vivo assessment of candesartan cilexetil nanocrystals via solid dispersion technique using an alkaline esterase activator carrier
Published in Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 2019
Ahmed M. Amer, Ahmed N. Allam, Ossama Y. Abdallah
Recently, the incorporation of Tris with tricky drugs showed a promising enhancement in dissolution rate, bioavailability, solubility, stability, and alteration of membranes permeability, moreover, it met the criteria for being a good candidate as an SD carrier [30–32]. Tris is an organic amine excipient used as a buffering and alkalinizing agent for metabolic acidosis treatment [30]. Its ability to enhance the esterase activity, reducing the variation in bioavailability and the consequent variation in ester linkage cleavage during prodrug activation was reported [33].